Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Fibroblast activation protein-α and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26): Cell-surface proteases that activate cell signaling and are potential targets for cancer therapy

2005; Elsevier BV; Volume: 8; Issue: 1-2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.drup.2005.03.002

1532-2084

Thomas J. Kelly,

Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms

Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP-α) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) are serine proteases with post-prolyl peptidase activities that can modify tumor cell behavior. FAP-α and DPPIV can form heteromeric complexes with each other and may function coordinately to modulate the growth, differentiation, adhesion, and metastasis of tumor cells. This review is focused on FAP-α and summarizes a series of studies showing that elevated expression of FAP-α results in profound changes in growth and malignant behavior of tumor cells. Depending on the model system investigated, FAP-α expression causes dramatic promotion or suppression of tumor growth. In the case of tumor promotion, FAP-α expression can drive tumor growth by increasing angiogenesis and by decreasing the anti-tumor response of the immune system. In the case of tumor suppression, FAP-α can decrease tumorigenicity of mouse melanoma cells and restore contact inhibition and growth factor dependence even when it is catalytically inactive, implying that protein–protein interactions mediate these effects. Understanding how FAP-α activates cell signaling is critical to determining how FAP-α mediates growth promotion versus growth suppression in the different model systems and ultimately in human cancer patients. In particular, the roles of FAP-α protease activity and FAP-α complex formation with DPPIV and other surface molecules in activating cell signaling need to be elucidated since these represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention.