Microbial quality of water in intensive fish rearing
1985; Wiley; Volume: 59; Issue: s14 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1365-2672.1985.tb04901.x
ISSN2056-5232
AutoresBrian Austin, D. Allen‐Austin,
Tópico(s)Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
ResumoJournal of Applied BacteriologyVolume 59, Issue s14 p. 207S-226S Microbial quality of water in intensive fish rearing B. Austin, B. Austin Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Fish Diseases Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK, and Department of Microbiology, University of Surrey GU2 5XH, UK *Department of Brewing and Biological Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1HX, UK.Search for more papers by this authorD. Allen-Austin, D. Allen-Austin Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Fish Diseases Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK, and Department of Microbiology, University of Surrey GU2 5XH, UK †Freshwater Biological Association, River Laboratory, East Stoke, Wareham, Dorset BH20 6BB, UK.Search for more papers by this author B. Austin, B. Austin Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Fish Diseases Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK, and Department of Microbiology, University of Surrey GU2 5XH, UK *Department of Brewing and Biological Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1HX, UK.Search for more papers by this authorD. Allen-Austin, D. Allen-Austin Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Directorate of Fisheries Research, Fish Diseases Laboratory, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK, and Department of Microbiology, University of Surrey GU2 5XH, UK †Freshwater Biological Association, River Laboratory, East Stoke, Wareham, Dorset BH20 6BB, UK.Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1985.tb04901.xCitations: 8 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References Ackefors, H. & Rosén, C. 1979 Farming aquatic animals. Ambio 8, 132–142. Web of Science®Google Scholar Alexander, M. 1971 Microbial Ecology. New York : John Wiley. Google Scholar Allen, D.A., Austin, B. & Colwell, R.R. 1983a Numerical taxonomy of bacterial isolates associated with a freshwater fishery. Journal of General Microbiology 129, 2043–2062. Web of Science®Google Scholar Allen, D.A., Austin, B. & Colwell, R.R. 1983b Aeromonas media, a new species, isolated from river water. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 33, 599–604. 10.1099/00207713-33-3-599 Web of Science®Google Scholar Aoki, T. & Kitao, T. 1981 Drug resistance and trans-ferrable R plasmids in Edwardsiella tarda from fish culture ponds. Fish Pathology 15, 277–281. 10.3147/jsfp.15.277 Google Scholar Ashburner, L.D. 1978 Management and diseases of hatchery fish. Proceedings of the Fauna Course for Veterinarians, Taronga Zoo, Mosman, Australia 36, 387–449. Google Scholar Austin, B. 1982 Taxonomy of bacteria isolated from a coastal, marine fish-rearing unit. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 53, 253–268. 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1982.tb04684.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Austin, B. 1983 Bacterial microflora associated with a coastal, marine fish-rearing unit. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK) 63, 585–592. 10.1017/S0025315400070892 Web of Science®Google Scholar Austin, B., Allen, D.A., Zachary, A., Belas, M.R. & Colwell, R.R. 1979 Ecology and taxonomy of bacteria attaching to wood surfaces in a tropical harbor. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 25, 446–461. 10.1139/m79-068 Google Scholar Austin, B., Hussong, D., Weiner, R.M. & Colwell, R.R. 1981 Numerical taxonomy analysis of bacteria isolated from the completed 'most probable numbers' test for coliform bacilli. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 51, 101–112. 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1981.tb00913.x CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Austin, B., Rayment, J. & Alderman, D.J. 1983 Control of furunculosis by oxolinic acid. Aquaculture 31, 101–108. 10.1016/0044-8486(83)90305-8 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Baldacci, E., Farina, G. & Locci, R. 1966 Emendation of the genus Streptovertidllium Baldacci (1958) and revision of some species. Giornale di Microbiologia 14, 153–171. Web of Science®Google Scholar Baumann, L., Baumann, P., Mandel, M. & Alien, R.D. 1972 Taxonomy of aerobic, marine bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology 110, 402–429. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Bejerano, Y., Sarig, S., Horne, M.T. & Roberts, R.J. 1979 Mass mortalities in silver carp Hypo-phthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes) associated with bacterial infection following handling. Journal of Fish Diseases 2, 49–56. 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1979.tb00139.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Bell, C.R., Holder-Franklin, M.A. & Franklin, M. 1980 Heterotrophic bacteria in two Canadian rivers. 1. Seasonal variations in the predominant bacterial populations. Water Research 14, 449–460. 10.1016/0043-1354(80)90209-2 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Berland, B.R., Bonin, D.J., Durbec, J.-P. & Mae-Strini, S.Y. 1975 Bactéries hétérotrophes aerobies prévelées devant le Delta du Rhône. 1. Estimation quantitative des populations et determination. Hydrobiologia 47, 481–497. 10.1007/BF00039593 Web of Science®Google Scholar Boeyé, A. & Aerts, M. 1976 Numerical taxonomy of Bacillus isolates from North Sea sediments. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 26, 427–441. 10.1099/00207713-26-4-427 Web of Science®Google Scholar Bootsma, R., Fijan, N.N. & Blommaert, J. 1977 Isolation and preliminary identification of the causative agent of carperythrodermatitis. Veterinarski Arhiv, Zagreb 47, 291–302. Google Scholar Bullock, G.L. & Snieszko, S.F. 1970 Fin rot, cold- Bacteriology offish farming water disease, and peduncle disease of salmonid fish. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish Disease Leaflet 25, pp. 1–5. Google Scholar Bullock, G.L. & Snieszko, S.F. 1975 Hagerman redmouth, a disease of the Enterobacteriaceae. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish Disease Leaflet 42. Google Scholar Bunch, J.N. & Harland, R.C. 1976 Biodegradation of crude petroleum by the indigenous microbial flora of the Beaufort Sea. Beaufort Sea Project Technical Report No. 10. Victoria British Columbia : Information Canada. Google Scholar Burton, N.F., Day, M.J. & Bull, A.T. 1982 Distribution of bacterial plasmids in clean and polluted sites in a South Wales river. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 44, 1026–1029. PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Cann, D.C. & Taylor, L.Y. 1982 An outbreak of botulism in rainbow trout, Salma gairdneri Richardson, fanned in Britain. Journal of Fish Diseases 5, 393–399. 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1982.tb00495.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Carney, J.F., Carty, C.E. & Colwell, R.R. 1975 Seasonal occurrence and distribution of microbial indicators and pathogens in the Rhode River of Chesapeake Bay. Applied Microbiology 30, 771–780. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Collins, V.G. 1970 Recent studies of bacterial pathogens of freshwater fish. Water Treatment and Examination 19, 3–31. Web of Science®Google Scholar Colorni, A., Paperna, I. & Gordon, H. 1981 Bacterial infections in gilt-head sea bream Sparus aurata cultured at Elat. Aquaculture 23, 257–267. 10.1016/0044-8486(81)90019-3 Web of Science®Google Scholar Colwell, R.R. 1962 The bacterial flora of Puget Sound fish. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 25, 147–158. 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1962.tb01131.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Cone, D.K. 1982 A Lactobacillus sp. from diseased female rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, in Newfoundland, Canada. Journal of Fish Diseases 5, 479–485. 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1982.tb00507.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Dudley, S., Babinchak, J.A. & Graikoski, J.T. 1977 Enumeration and distribution of bacterial populations of Long Island Sound. Marine Pollution Bulletin 8, 285–287. 10.1016/0025-326X(77)90173-4 Web of Science®Google Scholar Dulin, M.P. 1979 A review of tuberculosis (mycobacteriosis) in fish. Veterinary Medicine/Small Animal Clinician May, 1979, 731–735. Google Scholar Eurell, T.E., Lewis, D.H. & Grumbles, L.C. 1978 Comparison of selected diagnostic tests for detection of motile Aeromonas septicaemia in fish. American Journal of Veterinary Research 39, 1384–1386. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Evelyn, T.P.T. 1971 First records of vibriosis in Pacific salmon cultured in Canada and taxonomic status of the responsible bacterium. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28, 517–525. 10.1139/f71-073 Web of Science®Google Scholar Evelyn, T.P.T. & Mcdermott, L.A. 1961 Bacteriological studies of fresh-water fish 1. Isolation of aerobic bacteria from several species of Ontario fish. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 7, 375–382. 10.1139/m61-045 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Ewing, W.H., Ross, A.J., Brenner, D.J. & Fanning, G.R. 1978 Yersinia ruckeri sp. nov., the redmouth (RM) bacterium. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 28, 37–44. 10.1099/00207713-28-1-37 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Fitzgerald, M. 1977 Classification of luminous bacteria from the light organ of the Australian pine-cone fish Cleidopus gloriamaris. Archives of Microbiology 112, 153–156. 10.1007/BF00429328 Web of Science®Google Scholar Fletcher, M. 1979 The aquatic environment. In Microbial Ecology: a Conceptual Approach ed. J.M. Lynch & N.J. Poole, pp. 92–114. London : Blackwells. Web of Science®Google Scholar Forfar, J.O., Keay, A.J., Maccabe, A.F., Gould, J.C. & Bain, A.D. 1966 Liberal use of antibiotics and its effect in neonatal staphyococcal infection with particular reference to erythromycin. Lancet ii, 295–300. 10.1016/S0140-6736(66)92591-8 Google Scholar Fryer, J.L. & Sanders, J.E. 1981 Bacterial kidney disease of salmonid fish. Annual Review of Microbiology 35, 273–298. 10.1146/annurev.mi.35.100181.001421 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Geesey, G.G. & Costerton, J.W. 1979 Microbiology of a northern river; bacterial distribution and relationship to suspended sediment and organic carbon. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 25, 1058–1062. 10.1139/m79-162 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Geldreich, E.E. 1977 Microbiology of water. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 69, 1222–1244. Google Scholar Gilmour, A., McAllum, M.F. & Allan, M.C. 1976a A study of the bacterial types occurring on the skin and in the intestines of farmed plaice. Pleuronectes platessa. Aquaculture 7, 161–172. 10.1016/0044-8486(76)90005-3 Web of Science®Google Scholar Gilmour, A., Mcallum, M.F. & Allan, M.C. 1976b The bacteriology of power station effluent used to farm marine fish. Aquaculture 7, 357–362. 10.1016/0044-8486(76)90132-0 Web of Science®Google Scholar Harrison, F.C. 1929 The discolouration of halibut. Canadian Journal of Research 1, 214–239. 10.1139/cjr29-013 CASGoogle Scholar Hatai, K., Egusa, S., Nakajima, M. & Chikamata, H. 1975 Pseudomonas chlororaphis as a fish pathogen. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 41, 1203. Web of Science®Google Scholar Hawke, J.P. 1979 A bacterium associated with disease of pond cultured channel catfish, Ictalurus punc-tatus. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 36, 1508–1512. 10.1139/f79-219 Web of Science®Google Scholar Hazen, T.C., Fliermanns, C.B. Hirsch, R.F. & Esch, G.W. 1978 Prevalence and distribution of Aerc-monas hydrophila in the United States. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 36, 731–738. PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Hendrie, M.S., Hodgkiss, W. & Shewan, J.M. 1970 The identification, taxonomy and classification of luminous bacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 64, 151–169. 10.1099/00221287-64-2-151 Web of Science®Google Scholar Henley, M.W. & Lewis, D.L. 1976 Anaerobic bacteria associated with epizootics in grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and redfish (Sciaenops ocellata) along the Texas gulf coast. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 12, 448–453. 10.7589/0090-3558-12.3.448 CASPubMedGoogle Scholar Hikida, M., Wakabayashl, H., Egusa, S. & Masu-Mura, K. 1978 Flexibacter sp., a gliding bacteria pathogenic to some marine fish in Japan. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 45, 421–428. 10.2331/suisan.45.421 Web of Science®Google Scholar Hirsch, P. & Rheinheimer, G. 1968 Biology of budding bacteria. V. Budding bacteria in aquatic habitats: occurrence, enrichment and isolation. Archives für Mikrobiologie 62, 289–306. 10.1007/BF00425635 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Holder-Franklin, M.A, Thorpe, A. & Cormier, C. 1981 Comparison of numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA hybridization in diurnal studies of river bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 27, 1165–1184. 10.1139/m81-182 CASGoogle Scholar Hoshina, T. 1962 On a new bacterium, Paracolobac-trum anguillimortiferum n. sp. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 28, 162–164. 10.2331/suisan.28.162 Google Scholar Ishida, Y. & Kadota, H. 1975 A comparison between viable count and direct count of bacteria in polluted sea water. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 41, 271. 10.2331/suisan.41.271 Web of Science®Google Scholar Jones, J.G. 1973 Studies on freshwater bacteria: the effect of enclosure in large experimental tubes. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 36, 445–456. 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1973.tb04127.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Jones, J.G. 1978 The distribution of some freshwater planktonic bacteria in two stratified eutrophic lakes. Freshwater Biology 8, 127–140. 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1978.tb01435.x CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Kaneko, T., Roubal, G. & Atlas, R. 1978 Bacterial populations in the Beaufort Sea. Arctic 31, 91–107. 10.14430/arctic2645 Google Scholar Kariya, T., Kubota, S., Nakamura, Y. & Kira, K. 1968 Nocardial infection in cultured yellowtails (Seriola quinqueradiata and S. purpurascens). 1. Bacteriological study. Fish Pathology 3, 16–23. 10.3147/jsfp.3.16 Google Scholar Kimura, T., Yoshimizu, M. & Sannohe, H. 1978 Bacteriological study on lake as ambient water for fish. 1. Effects of the volcanic ashes after the eruption of Mt. Usu on Lake Toya, 1977. Bulletin of the Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University 29, 363–377. Google Scholar Kitao, T., Aoki, T. & Sakoh, R. 1981 Epizootic caused by β-haemolytic Streptococcus Species in cultured freshwater fish. Fish Pathology 15, 301–307. 307. 10.3147/jsfp.15.301 Google Scholar Kogure, K., Simidu, U. & Taga, N. 1980 Distribution of viable marine bacteria in neritic seawater around Japan. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 26, 318–323. 10.1139/m80-052 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Koike, Y., Fuwahara, A. & Fujiwar, H. 1975 Characterization of 'Pasteurella piscicida' isolated from white perch and cultivated yellowtail. Japanese Journal of Microbiology 19, 241–247. 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1975.tb00877.x CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Kusnezov, S.I. 1959 Die Rolle der Mikroorganismen in Stoffkreislauf der Seen p. 301. Deutscher Verlan die Wissenschaften 301. Google Scholar Kusuda, R. & Sugiyama, A. 1981 Studies on the characters of Staphylococcus epiderimidis isolated from diseased fishes. 1. On the morphological, biological and biochemical properties. Fish Pathology 16, 15–24. 10.3147/jsfp.16.15 Google Scholar Lee, J.V., Shread, P., Furniss, A.L. & Bryant, T.N. 1981 Taxonomy and description of Vibrio fluvialis sp. nov. (Synonym Group F vibrios Group EF6). Journal of Applied Bacteriology 50, 73–94. 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1981.tb00873.x CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Le Petit, J., Bertrand, J.-C, N'Guyen, M.H. & Tagger, S. 1975 Étude taxonomique et physiol-ogique de bactéries se développant sur hydrocar-bures en milieu marin. Annales de Microbiologie (Institut Pasteur) 126A, 367–380. CASGoogle Scholar Liston, J. 1957 The occurrence and distribution of bacterial types on flatfish. Journal of General Microbiology 16, 205–216. 10.1099/00221287-16-1-205 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Love, M., Teebken-Fisher, D., Hose, J.E. Farmer III, J.J., Hickman, F.W. & Fanning, G.R. 1981 Vibrio damsela, a marine bacterium, causes skin ulcers on the damselfish Chromis punctipinnis. Science 214, 1139–1140. 10.1126/science.214.4525.1139 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Lovell, R.T., Smitherman, R.O, & Shell, E.W. 1978 New Protein Foods, Vol. 3, pp. 269–292. New York : Academic Press. Google Scholar Macfarlane, I.S. 1969 The Maintenance of Hygiene Conditions in Marine Fish under Culture Ph.D. Thesis, University of London. Google Scholar Martin, Y.P. & Bianchi, M.A. 1980 Structure, diversity and catabolic potentialities of aerobic heterotrophic bacterial populations associated with continuous cultures of natural marine phytoplank-ton. Microbial Ecology 5, 265–279. 10.1007/BF02020334 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Mccarthy, D.H. 1975 Columnaris disease. Journal of the Institute of Fisheries Management 6, 44–47. Google Scholar Mccarthy, D.H. 1977 Some ecological aspects of the bacterial fish pathogen-Aeromonas salmanicida. In Aquatic Microbiology ed. F.A. Skinner & J.M. Shewan, Society for Applied Bacteriology Symposium No. 6, pp. 299–324. London : Academic Press. Web of Science®Google Scholar Mccarthy, D.H. & Roberts, R.J. 1980 Furunculosis of fish—the present state of our knowledge. Advances in Aquatic Microbiology 2, 293–341. Google Scholar McCoy, R.H. & Pilcher, K.S. 1974 Peptone beef extract glycogen agar, a selective and differential Aeromonas medium. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 31, 1553–1555. 10.1139/f74-193 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Meyer, S.P., Baslow, M.H., Bein, S.J. & Marks, C.E. 1959 Studies of Flavobacterium piscicida Bein 1. Growth, toxicity and ecological consideration. Journal of Bacteriology 78, 225–230. PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Minchew, C.D. & Yarbrough, J.D. 1977 The occurrence of fin rot in mullet (Mugil cephalus) associated with crude oil contamination of an estuarine pondecosystem. Journal of Fish Biology 10, 319–323. 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04065.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Muroga, K., Takahashi, S., Yamanoi, H. & Nishi-Buchi, M. 1979 Non-Cholera vibrio isolated from diseased Ayu. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 45, 829–834. 10.2331/suisan.45.829 Web of Science®Google Scholar Nakai, T. & Muroga, K. 1979 Studies on red spot disease of pond cultured eels—V. Immune response of the Japanese eel to the causative bacterium Pseudomonas anguilliseptica. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 45, 817–821. 10.2331/suisan.45.817 Web of Science®Google Scholar Newman, J.T., Cosenza, B.J. & Buck, J.D. 1972 Aerobic microflora of the bluefish intestine. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 29, 333–336. 10.1139/f72-055 Web of Science®Google Scholar Nigrelli, R.F. & Vogel, H. 1963 Spontaneous tuber-culosis in fishes and in other cold-blooded vertebrates with special reference to Mycobacterium fortuitum Cruz from fish and human lesions. Zool-ogica, New York 48, 130–143. Google Scholar Oppenheimer, C.H. 1955 The effect of marine bacteria on the development and hatchery of pelagic fish eggs and the control of such bacteria by antibiotics, Copeia 1, 43–49. 10.2307/1439451 Google Scholar Pacha, R.E. 1968 Characteristics of Cytophaga psych-rophila (Borg) isolated during outbreaks of bacterial cold-water disease. Applied Microbiology 16, 97–101. PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Pacha, R.E. & Porter, S. 1968 Characteristics of myxobacteria isolatedl from the surface of freshwater fish. Applied Microbiology 16, 1901–1906. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Patrick, F.M. 1978 The use of membrane filtration and marine agar 2216E to enumerate marine het-erotrophic bacteria. Aquaculture 13, 369–372. 10.1016/0044-8486(78)90186-2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Pfister, R.M. & Burkholder, P.R. 1965 Numericaltaxonomy of some bacteria isolated from antarctic and tropical seawater. Journal of Bacteriology 90, 863–872. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Pillay, T.V.R. 1976 The state of aquaculture 1975. FIR: AQ/Conf/76/R.36. Rome , Food and Agriculture Organisation. Google Scholar Pillay, T.V.R. 1977 Planning of Aquaculture Development—an Introductory Guide Rome, FAO and Farnham: Fishing News Book. Google Scholar Price, D.R.H. 1979 Fish as indicators of water quality. In Biological Indicators of Water Quality ed. A. James & L. Evison, pp. 1–23. Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. Google Scholar Purdom, C.E. 1977 Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Fish Cultivation Research. Laboratory leaflet 35, 1–28. Google Scholar Reichelt, J.L. & Baumann, P. 1973 Taxonomy of the marine, luminous bacteria. Archiv fur Mikrobiologie 94, 283–330. 10.1007/BF00769027 Web of Science®Google Scholar Rheinheimer, G. 1976 Aquatic Microbiology. Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. Google Scholar Roald, S.O. & Hastein, T. 1980 Infection with an acinetobacter-like bacterium in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) broodfish. In Fish Diseases Third COPRAQ-Session ed. W. Ahne, pp. 154–156. Berlin : Springer-Verlag. 10.1007/978-3-642-67854-7_25 Google Scholar Robinson, J.A. & Meyer, E.P. 1966 Streptococcal fish pathogen. Journal of Bacteriology 1992, 512. Google Scholar Rodsaether, M.C., Olafsen, J., Raa, J., Myhere, K. & Steen, J.B. 1977 Copper as an initiating factor of vibriosis (Vibrio anguillarum) in eel (Anguilla anguilla). Journal of Fish Biology 10, 17–21. 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04037.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Rucker, R.R. 1966 Redmouth disease of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Bulletin de l'Office des International Epizooties 65, 825–830. PubMedGoogle Scholar Sakata, T., Okabayashi, J. & Kakimoto, D. 1980 Variations in the intestinal microflora of Tilapia reared in fresh and sea water. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 46, 313–317. 10.2331/suisan.46.313 Web of Science®Google Scholar Schiewe, M.H., Trust, T.J. & Crosa, J.H. 1981 Vibrio ordain sp. nov.: a causative agent of vibriosis in fish. Current Microbiology 6, 343–348. 10.1007/BF01567009 Web of Science®Google Scholar Scholes, P. 1980 The sea-water well system at the Fisheries Laboratory Lowestoft, and the methods in use for keeping marine fish. Journal of the Marine Biological Association (UK) 60, 215–225. 10.1017/S0025315400024279 Web of Science®Google Scholar Sera, H., Ishida, Y. & Kadota, H. 1972 Bacterial microflora in the digestive tract of marine fish. IV. Effect of H+ concentration and gastric juices on the indigenous bacteria. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 38, 859–863. 10.2331/suisan.38.859 Web of Science®Google Scholar Shiba, T. & Taga, N. 1980 Heterotrophic bacteria attached to seaweeds. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 47, 251–258. 10.1016/0022-0981(80)90042-8 Web of Science®Google Scholar Shrivastava, K.P.P. & Floodgate, G.D. 1966 Studies on the intestinal microflora of the dab. Journal of the Biological Association of India 8, 1–7. Google Scholar Scar Imek, K. 1982 The occurrence of faecal bacteria in a fish pond with a duck farm. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 67, 851–868. Google Scholar Simidu, U. & Kaneko, E. 1969 Microflora of fresh and stored flatfish, Kareius bicoloratus. Bulletin of the Japanese Societyof Scientific Fisheries 35, 77–82. 10.2331/suisan.35.77 Google Scholar Simidu, U. & Kaneko, E. 1973 A numerical taxonomy of Vibrio and Aeromonas from normal and diseased marine fish. Bulletin ofthe Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 39, 689–703. 10.2331/suisan.39.689 Web of Science®Google Scholar Simidu, U., Kaneko, E. & Taga, N. 1977 Microbiological studies of Tokyo Bay. Microbial Ecology 3, 173–191. 10.1007/BF02010616 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Skerman, V.B.D., McGowan, V. & Sneath, P.H.A. 1980 Approved lists of bacterial names. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 30, 225–420. 10.1099/00207713-30-1-225 Web of Science®Google Scholar Smith, I.W. 1964 The occurrence and pathology of Dee disease. Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland, Freshwater. Salmon Fisheries Research 34, 1–12. Google Scholar Spencer, M.J. & Ramsay, A.J. 1978 Bacterial populations, heterotrophic potentials, and water quality in three New Zealand rivers. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 12, 415–427. 10.1080/00288330.1978.9515769 Web of Science®Google Scholar Staley, J.T., Marshall, K.C. & Skerman, V.B.D. 1980 Budding and prosthecate bacteria from freshwater habitats of various trophic states. Microbial Ecology 5, 245–251. 10.1007/BF02020332 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Stevenson, J.P. 1980 Trout Farming Manual. Farnham : Fishing News Books. Google Scholar Stevenson, L.H. 1978 A case for bacterial dormancy in aquatic systems. Microbial Ecology 4, 127–133. 10.1007/BF02014283 Web of Science®Google Scholar Strohl, W.R. & Tait, L.R. 1978 Cytophaga aquatilis sp. nov., a facultative anaerobe isolated from the gills of freshwater fish. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 28, 293–303. 10.1099/00207713-28-2-293 Web of Science®Google Scholar Thurner, K. & Busse, M. 1978 Numerical taxonomic studies on enterobacteria of surface water. Zentral-blatt fur Bakteriologie, Hygiene und Infektionskrank-heiten, I Abteilung, Originale B 167, 262–271. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Tison, D.L., Nishibuchi, M. Greenwood, J.D. & Seidler, R.J. 1982 Vibrio vulnificus biogroup 2: new biogroup pathogenic for eels. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 44, 640–646. 10.1128/AEM.44.3.640-646.1982 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Toranzo, A.E., Barja, J.L., Colwell, R.R. & Hetrick, F.M. 1983 Characterization of plasmids in bacterial fish pathogens. Infection and Immunity 39, 184–192. CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Trust, T.J. & Sparrow, R.A.H. 1974 The bacterial flora in the alimentary tract of freshwater salmonid fishes. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 20, 1219–1228. 10.1139/m74-188 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Udey, L.R., Young, E. & Sallman, B. 1977 Isolation and characterization of an anaerobic bacterium, Eubacterium tarantellus sp. nov., associated with striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) mortality in Biscayne Bay, Florida. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 34, 402–409. 10.1139/f77-064 Web of Science®Google Scholar Ugajin, M. 1979 Studies on the taxonomy of major microflora in the intestinal contents of salmonids. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 45, 721–731. 10.2331/suisan.45.721 Web of Science®Google Scholar Van Duijn, C. 1981 Tuberculosis in fishes. Journal of Small Animal Practice 22, 381–411. Google Scholar Wakabayashi, H., Egusa, S. & Fryer, J.L. 1980 Characteristics of filamentous bacteria isolated from a gill disease of salmonids. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37, 1499–1504. 10.1139/f80-194 Web of Science®Google Scholar Watson, S.W. 1963 Autotrophic nitrification in the ocean. In Symposium on Marine Microbiology ed. C.H. Oppenheimer, pp. 73–84. Springfield , Illinois : Thomas. Google Scholar Weir, A. 1980 Trout study points the way ahead. Fish Farmer 3, 5–6. Google Scholar Wolters, N. & Schwartz, W. 1956 Unterouchungenuber Vorkommen und Verhalten von Mikroorganismen in reinen Grundwassern. Archives fur Hydrobiologie 51, 500–541. Google Scholar Wood, E.J.F. 1965 Marine Microbial Ecology. New York : Reinhold. Google Scholar Wood, J.W. 1968 Diseases of Pacific Salmon: Their Prevention and Treatment. State of Washington, Department of Fisheries, Hatchery Division. Google Scholar Yoshimizu, M. & Kimura, T. 1976 Study on the intestinal microflora of salmonids. Fish Pathology 10, 243–259. 10.3147/jsfp.10.243 Google Scholar Yoshimizu, M., Kimura, T. & Sakai, M. 1976 Studies on the intestinal microflora of salmonids—III the intestinal microflora of salmon living in the open sea. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 42, 875–994. 10.2331/suisan.42.875 Web of Science®Google Scholar Ziskowski, J. & Murchelano, R. 1975 Fin erosion in winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) from the New York Bight. Marine Pollution Bulletin 6, 26–28. 10.1016/0025-326X(75)90232-5 Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume59, Issues14December 1985Pages 207S-226S ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)