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Anatomy and physiology of the blood–brain barrier

2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 38; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.01.002

1096-3634

Yonatan Serlin, Ilan Shelef, Boris Knyazer, Alon Friedman,

Ion Transport and Channel Regulation

Essential requisite for the preservation of normal brain activity is to maintain a narrow and stable homeostatic control in the neuronal environment of the CNS. Blood flow alterations and altered vessel permeability are considered key determinants in the pathophysiology of brain injuries. We will review the present-day literature on the anatomy, development and physiological mechanisms of the blood–brain barrier, a distinctive and tightly regulated interface between the CNS and the peripheral circulation, playing a crucial role in the maintenance of the strict environment required for normal brain function.