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CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS PERSEA (LAURACEAE). I. KARYOLOGY OF SEVEN SPECIES

1975; NRC Research Press; Volume: 17; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1139/g75-023

0008-4093

Armando Garcia V.,

Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies

Chromosome number determinations were made on 137 collections of seven Persea species. Persea americana Mill., P. schiedeana Nees, and P. aff. cinerascens Rands, had a diploid number of 24 as reported earlier. The first chromosome counts for four species are reported. Persea hintonii Allen (2n = 48) is the first tetraploid species found in this genus. Persea indica (L.) Spreng. (2n = 24) is the first Old World species to have its chromosome number reported. Persea donnell-smithii Mez and P. pachypoda Nees also have the diploid number (2n = 24). One triploid (2n = 36) and one tetraploid (2n = 48) individual were found in P. americana. Based on stomatal size, their maternal plants were considered to be triploid and diploid, respectively.This is the first karyotype study in Persea and also in the family Lauraceae. The karyotype in Persea is asymmetric. The chromosomes range in size from 2.3 µm to 6.1 µm. Persea americana has one pair of satellited chromosomes, which is the largest pair, two metacentric pairs and nine submetacentric pairs. Two of the submetacentric pairs are highly heterochromatic and both are attached to the nucleolus. All the other species have karyotypes very similar to P. americana.