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Spontaneous Chronic Periodontitis in Adult Dogs: A Clinical and Histopathological Survey

1981; Wiley; Volume: 52; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1902/jop.1981.52.2.60

1943-3670

Roy C. Page, Hubert E. Schroeder,

Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments

T he clinical , radiographic and histopathologic features of spontaneously occurring periodontitis in adult dogs were studied. Periodontitis in these animals is not an analogue of the human disease; the disease in humans and dogs has common features, but there are also remarkable differences. In both species there is a dense lymphoid cell infiltrate with a variable population of polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes (PMNs), conversion of junctional epithelium to pocket epithelium, an early and continuing loss of collagenous tissue, and bone and root resorption. In both species the pattern of bone loss is bilaterally symmetrical and the presence of a large population of PMNs appears to be associated with highly active and destructive disease. On the other hand, the disease in the dog begins as an infiltration of the connective tissues at the gingival margin rather than subjacent to the gingival sulcus and it is characterized by proliferation of the gingival tissue and conversion to granulation tissue. Both the sulcular and oral epithelia become pathologically altered. Vascular proliferation is much more prominent in the dog than in human tissues although less prominent than in some other species such as the mink. Fibrosis which is a very common feature in humans does not appear to occur at all in dogs. The premolars and to a lesser extent the first molars are the most frequently and severely affected teeth in the dog with the second molars resistant, while in humans the first and second molars are the most commonly and severely affected. Also, bone destruction is more prevalent and severe at the bifurcation region of two‐rooted teeth than in the interproximal area. Pocket formation may not be a feature of diseased teeth in dogs. Around many teeth the soft tissues retreat apically along with the alveolar bone resulting in little or no pocket formation. There is a significant but weak positive correlation between deposit scores and measurements of disease status such as pocket depths and amount of hyperplastic tissue.