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Biomechanical Comparison of Kyphoplasty With Different Bone Cements

2004; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 29; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/00007632-200406010-00009

1528-1159

Seiji Tomita, Sean Molloy, Louis E. Jasper, Muneaki Abe, Stephen M. Belkoff,

Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology

In Brief Study Design. Ex vivo biomechanical study. Objectives. To compare the biomechanical properties of isolated, fractured, osteoporotic vertebral bodies after treatment by kyphoplasty with one of two cements: α-tri-calcium phosphate cement (Biopex-R; Mitsubishi Materials Corp., Tokyo, Japan) or polymethylmethacrylate (Simplex P; Stryker-Howmedica-Osteonics, Mahwah, NJ). Summary of Background Data. Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty typically use polymethylmethacrylate cements for the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures. Scant information exists regarding the use of alternative cements in kyphoplasty. Methods. Simulated compression fractures were created in 24 vertebral bodies (T6–T9, L2–L5) harvested from three female cadavers. Vertebral bodies were assigned to one of two groups: kyphoplasty with Biopex-R or kyphoplasty with Simplex P. The kyphoplasty treatment consisted of inserting bone tamps bipedicularly into each vertebral body, inflating the tamp, and filling the created void with Biopex-R or Simplex P. Pretreatment and post-treatment heights were measured, and the repaired vertebral bodies were recompressed to determine posttreatment strength and stiffness values. Differences were checked for significance (P < 0.05) using a repeated-measures analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test. Results. Kyphoplasty with Biopex-R restored strength in the lumbar and thoracic vertebral bodies. Kyphoplasty with Simplex P displayed significantly greater posttreatment strength than initial strength in the thoracic region. Vertebral bodies augmented with either cement were significantly less stiff than their initial conditions, except for the thoracic vertebrae treated with Simplex P, in which stiffness was restored. There was no significant difference in percentage of height restored between the cement treatments. Conclusions. Kyphoplasty with either cement restored initial strength. In general, stiffness was not restored. Simulated vertebral body compression fractures were created in cadaveric specimens, reduced by kyphoplasty, and stabilized with either polymethylmethacrylate or tricalcium phosphate cement. In general, pretreatment strength was restored, but stiffness was not, regardless of the cement used for stabilization.