Effects of immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy
1995; Wiley; Volume: 38; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1002/art.1780381203
ISSN1529-0131
AutoresBonnie L. Bermas, Joseph A. Hill,
Tópico(s)Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
ResumoArthritis & RheumatismVolume 38, Issue 12 p. 1722-1732 ReviewFree to Read Effects of immunosuppressive drugs during pregnancy Bonnie L. Bermas MD, Bonnie L. Bermas MD Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorJoseph A. Hill MD, Corresponding Author Joseph A. Hill MD Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsFearing Research Laboratory-SGMB 204, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author Bonnie L. Bermas MD, Bonnie L. Bermas MD Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorJoseph A. Hill MD, Corresponding Author Joseph A. Hill MD Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsFearing Research Laboratory-SGMB 204, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1995 https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780381203Citations: 99AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Tuchmann-Duplessis H: Teratogenic drug screening: present procedures and requirements. Teratology 5: 271–285, 1972 2 Branch DW: Physiologic adaptations of pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 28: 120–122, 1992 3 Roubenoff R, Hoyt J, Petri M, Hochberg MC, Hellmann DB: Effects of antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs on pregnancy and fertility. Semin Arthritis Rheum 18: 88–110, 1988 4 McCune WJ, Friedman AW: Immunosuppressive drug therapy for rheumatic disease. Curr Opinion Rheumatol 4: 314–321, 1992 5 Beitins IZ, Bayard F, Ances IG, Kowarski A, Migeon CJ: The transplacental passage of prednisone and prednisolone in pregnancy near term. J Pediatr 81: 936–945, 1972 6 Blanford AT, Murphy BEP: In vitro metabolism of prednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone and cortisol by the human placenta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 127: 264–267, 1977 7 Pinsky L, Di George AM: Cleft palate in the mouse: a teratogenic index of glucocorticoid potency. Science 147: 402–403, 1965 8 Reinisch JM, Simon NG, Grandelman R: Prenatal exposure to prednisone permanently alters fighting behavior of female mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 12: 213–216, 1980 9 Harris JWS, Ross IP: Cortisone therapy in early pregnancy: relation to cleft palate. Lancet 1: 1045–1047, 1956 10 Chhabria S: Aicardi's syndrome: are corticosteroids teratogens? Arch Neurol 38: 70, 1981 11 Oppenheimer EH: Lesions in the adrenals of an infant following maternal corticosteroid therapy. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 114: 146–151, 1964 12 Schatz M, Patterson R, Zeitz S, O'Rourke J, Melam H: Corticosteroid therapy for the pregnant asthmatic patient. JAMA 233: 804–807, 1975 13 Cowchock FS, Reece EA, Balaban D, Branch DW, Plouffe L: Repeated fetal losses associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: a collaborative randomized trial comparing prednisone with low-dose heparin treatment. Am J Obstet Gynecol 166: 1318–1323, 1992 14 NIH Consensus Development Panel on the Effect of Corticosteroids for Fetal Maturation on Perinatal Outcomes: Effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes. JAMA 273: 412–418, 1995 15 Wollheim FA: Acute and long-term complications of corticosteroid pulse therapy. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl 54: 27–32, 1984 16 Committee on Drugs, American Academy of Pediatrics: The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human breast milk. Pediatrics 84: 924–936, 1989 17 Ost L, Wettrell G, Bjorkhem I, Rane A: Prednisolone excretion in human milk. J Pediatr 106: 1008–1011, 1985 18 Usher BW, Friedman RJ: Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the humeral head. Orthopedics 18: 47–51, 1995 19 Steinberg AD: Chlorambucil in the treatment of patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 36: 325–328, 1993 20 Ashby R, Davis L, Dewhurst BB, Espinal R, Penn RN, Upshall DG: Aspects of the teratology of cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271). Cancer Treat Rep 60: 477–482, 1982 21 Fujii T, Nakatasuka T: Potentiating effects of caffeine on teratogenicity of alkylating agents in mice. Teratology 28: 29–33, 1983 22 Brummett ES, Johnson EM: Morphological alterations in the developing fetal rat limb due to maternal injection of chlorambucil. Teratology 20: 279–287, 1979 23 Kavlock RT, Rehnberg BI, Rogers EH: Chlorambucil induced congenital renal hypoplasia: effects on basal renal function in the developing rat. Toxicology 40: 247–258, 1986 24 Steege JF, Caldwell DS: Renal agenesis after first trimester exposure to chlorambucil. South Med J 73: 1414–1415, 1980 25 Jacobs C, Donaldson SS, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS: Management of the pregnant patient with Hodgkin's disease. Ann Intern Med 95: 669–675, 1981 26 Chaplin S, Sanders GL, Smith JM: Drug excretion in human breast milk. Adverse Drug React Acute Poisoning Rev 1: 255–287, 1982 27 Ujhazy E, Balonova T, Durisova M, Gajdosik A, Jansak J, Molnarova A: Teratogenicity of cyclophosphamide in New Zealand white rabbits. Neoplasma 40: 45–49, 1993 28 Jenkinson PC, Anderson D: Malformed foetuses and karyotype abnormalities in the offspring of cyclophosphamide and allyl alcohol-treated male rats. Mut Res 229: 173–184, 1990 29 Kola I, Vogel R, Spielmann H: Co-administration of ascorbic acid with cyclophosphamide (CPA) to pregnant mice inhibits the clastogenic activity of CPA in preimplantation murine blastocysts. Mutagenesis 4: 297–301, 1989 30 Francis BM, Rogers JM, Sulik KK, Alles AJ, Elstein KH, Zucker RM, Massaro EJ, Rosen MB, Chernoff N: Cyclophosphamide teratogenesis: evidence for compensatory responses to induced cellular toxicity. Teratology 42: 473–482, 1990 31 Pariani S. Buscaglia M, Piantanida M, Simoni G: Cyclophosphamide increases the frequency of sister chromatid exchange in direct preparations of human chorionic villi in the absence of supplementary enzymatic activation systems. J Med Genet 29: 109–111, 1992 32 D'Incalci M, De Palo G, Semprini AE: Transplacental passage of cyclophosphamide. Cancer Treat Rep 8: 1681–1682, 1982 33 Fields CL, Ossorio MA, Roy TM, Bunke CM: Wegener's granulomatosis complicated by pregnancy: a case report. J Reprod Med 36: 463–466, 1991 34 Zemlickis D, Lishner M, Erlich R, Koren G: Teratogenicity and carcinogenicity in a twin exposed in utero to cyclophosphamide. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 13: 139–143, 1993 35 Toledo TM, Harper RC, Moser RH: Fetal effects during cylophosphamide and irradiation therapy. Ann Intern Med 74: 87–91, 1971 36 Ramsey-Goldman R, Mientus JM, Kutzer JE, Mulvihill JJ, Medsger TA: Pregnancy outcome in women with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with immunosuppressive drugs. J Rheumatol 20: 1152–1156, 1993 37 Blatt J, Mulvihill JJ, Ziegler JL, Young RC, Poplack DG: Pregnancy outcome following cancer chemotherapy. Am J Med 69: 828–832, 1980 38 Ataya K, Ramahi-Ataya A: Reproductive performance of female rats treated with cyclophosphamide and/or LHRH agonist. Reprod Toxicol 7: 229–235, 1993 39 Koyama H, Wada T, Nishizawa Y, Iwanaga T, Aoki Y, Terasawa T, Kosaki G, Yamamoto T, Wada A: Cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure and its therapeutic significance in patients with breast cancer. Cancer 39: 1403–1409, 1977 40 Langevitz P. Klein L, Pras M, Many A: The effect of cyclophosphamide pulses on fertility in patients with lupus nephritis. Am J Reprod Immunol 28: 157–158, 1992 41 Boumpas DT, Austin HA, Vaughan EM, Yarboro CH, Klippel JH, Balow JE: Risk for sustained amenorrhea in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving intermittent pulse cyclophosphamide therapy. Ann Intern Med 119: 366–369, 1993 42 Byrne J, Mulvihill JJ, Myers MH, Connelly RR, Naughton MD, Krauss MR, Steinhorn SC, Hassinger DD, Austin DF, Bragg K, Holmes GF, Holmes FF, Latourette HB, Weyer PJ, Meigs JW, Teta MJ, Cook JW, Strong MD: Effects of treatment on fertility in long-term survivors of childhood or adolescent cancer. N Engl J Med 317: 1315–1321, 1987 43 Wiernik PH, Duncan JH: Cyclophosphamide in human milk. Lancet 1: 912, 1971 44 Korelitz BI: Pregnancy, fertility and inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol 80: 365–370, 1985 45 Connon AF: Effects of azathioprine on reproduction in rats. J Reprod Fertil 18: 165–166, 1964 46 Gross A, Fein A, Serr DM, Nebel L: The effect of Imuran on implantation and early embryonic development in rats. Obstet Gynecol 50: 713–718, 1977 47 Saarikoski S, Seppala M: Immunosuppression during pregnancy: transmission of azathioprine and its metabolites from the mother to the fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 115: 1100–1106, 1973 48 Armenti VT, Ahlswede KM, Ahlswede BA, Jarrell BE, Moritz MJ, Burke JF: National transplantation pregnancy registry: outcomes of 154 pregnancies in cyclosporine-treated female kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 57: 502–506, 1994 49 Haugen G, Fauchald P, Sodal G, Leivestad T, Moe N: Pregnancy outcome in renal allograft recipients in Norway: the importance of immunosuppressive drug regimen and health status before pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 73: 541–546, 1994 50 Pirson Y, van Lierde M, Ghysen J, Squifflet JP, Alexandre GPJ, van Ypersele de Strihou C: Retardation of fetal growth in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy (letter). N Engl J Med 313: 328, 1985 51 Alstead EM, Ritchie JK, Lennard-Jones JE, Farthing MJG, Clark ML: Safety of azathioprine in pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 99: 443–446, 1990 52 Cederqvist LL, Merkatz IR, Litwin SD: Fetal immunoglobulin synthesis following maternal immunosuppression. Am J Obstet Gynecol 129: 687–690, 1977 53 Cote CJ, Meuwissen HJ, Pickering RJ: Effects on the neonate of prednisone and azathioprine administered to the mother during pregnancy. J Pediatr 85: 324–328, 1974 54 De Witte DB, Buick MK, Cyran SE, Maisels MJ: Neonatal pancytopenia and severe combined immunodeficiency associated with antenatal administration of azathioprine and prednisone. J Pediatr 105: 625–628, 1984 55 Ostrer H, Stamberg J, Perinchief P: Two chromosome aberrations in the child of a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with azathioprine and prednisone. Am J Med Genet 17: 627–632, 1984 56 Lawson DH, Lovatt GE, Gurton CS, Hennings RC: Adverse effects of azathioprine. Adverse Drug React Acute Poisoning Rev 3: 161–171, 1984 57 Goldsmith DP: Neonatal rheumatic disorders: view of the pediatrician. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 15: 287–305, 1989 58 Present DH, Meltzer SJ, Krumhotz MP, Wolke A, Korelitz BI: 6-mercaptopurine in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: short- and long-term toxicity. Ann Intern Med 111: 641–649, 1989 59 Burdett DN, Waterfield JD, Shah RM: Vertical development of the secondary palate in hamster embryos following exposure to 6-mercaptopurine. Teratology 37: 591–597, 1988 60 Arakawa T, Fujii M, Hayashi T: Dilatation of cerebral ventricles of rat offsprings induced by 6-mercaptopurine administration to dams. Tohoku J Exp Med 91: 143–148, 1967 61 Reimers TJ, Sluss PM: 6-mercaptopurine treatment of pregnant mice: effects on second and third generations. Science 201: 65–67, 1978 62 Morishita S, Imai A, Kawabata I, Tamaya T: Acute myelogenous leukemia in pregnancy: fetal blood sampling and early effects of chemotherapy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 44: 273–277, 1994 63 Rubaltelli FF: Serum conjugated bilirubin in newborns of mothers treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Acta Paediatr Scand 61: 606–608, 1972 64 Weinblatt ME, Coblyn JS, Fox DA, Fraser PA, Holdsworth DE, Glass DN, Trentham DE: Efficacy of low-dose methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med 312: 818–822, 1985 65 Skalko RG, Gold MP: Teratogenicity of methotrexate in mice. Teratology 9: 159–163, 1974 66 Desesso JM, Goeringer GC: Methotrexate-induced developmental toxicity in rabbits is ameliorated by 1-(p-tosyl)-3,4,4-trimethylimidazolidine, a functional analog for tetrahydrofolate-mediated one-carbon transfer. Teratology 45: 271–283, 1992 67 Hoppe DE, Bekkar BE, Nager CW: Single-dose systemic methotrexate for the treatment of persistent ectopic pregnancy after conservative surgery. Obstet Gynecol 83: 51–54, 1994 68 Stovall TG, Ling FW, Buster JE: Reproductive performance after methotrexate treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 162: 1620–1624, 1990 69 Thiersch JB: Early experiences with antimetabolites as abortifacient agents in man. Acta Endocrinol 28: 37–45, 1956 70 Mulinsky A, Graef JW, Gaynor MF: Methotrexate induced congenital malformations. J Pediatr 72: 790–795, 1968 71 Kozlowski RD, Steinbrunner JV, MacKenzie AH, Clough JD, Wilke WS, Segal AM: Outcome of first-trimester exposure to low-dose methotrexate in eight patients with rheumatic disease. Am J Med 88: 589–592, 1990 72 Feldkamp M, Carey JC: Clinical teratology counseling and consultation case report: low-dose methotrexate exposure in the early weeks of pregnancy. Teratology 47: 533–539, 1993 73 Avilies A, Diaz-Maqueo JC, Talavera A, Guzman R, Garcia EL: Growth and development of children of mothers treated with chemotherapy during pregnancy: current status of 43 children. Am J Hematol 36: 243–248, 1991 74 Donnenfeld AE, Pastuszak A, Noah JS, Schick B, Rose NC, Koren G: Methotrexate exposure prior to and during pregnancy. Teratology 49: 79–81, 1994 75 Shamberger RC, Rosenberg SA, Seipp CA, Sherins RJ: Effects of high dose methotrexate and vincristine on ovarian and testicular function in patients undergoing post-operative adjuvant treatment of osteosarcoma. Cancer Treat Rep 65: 739–746, 1981 76 Bentivoglio G, Melica F, Cristoforoni P: Folinic acid in the treatment of human male infertility. Fertil Steril 60: 698–701, 1993 77 Johns DG, Rutherford LD, Leighton PC, Vogel CL: Secretion of methotrexate into human milk. Am J Obstet Gynecol 112: 978–980, 1972 78 Backman L, Brandt I, Appelkvist EL, Dallner G: Tissue and subcellular localizations of 3H-cyclosporine A in mice. Pharmacol Toxicol 62: 110–117, 1988 79 Schmid BP: Monitoring of organ formation in rat embryos after in vitro exposure to azathioprine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate or cyclosporin A. Toxicology 31: 9–21, 1984 80 Mason RJ, Thomson AW, Whiting PH, Gray ES, Brown PA, Catto GR, Simpson JG: Cyclosporine-induced fetotoxicity in the rat. Transplantation 39: 9–12, 1985 81 Classen JB, Shevach EM: Evidence that cyclosporine treatment during pregnancy predisposes offspring to develop autoantibodies. Transplantation 51: 1052–1057, 1991 82 Cockburn I, Krupp P, Monka C: Present experience of Sandimmun in pregnancy. Transplant Proc 21: 3730–3732, 1989 83 Nandakumaran M, Eldeen AS: Transfer of cyclosporine in the perfused human placenta. Dev Pharmacol Ther 15: 101–105, 1990 84 Venkataraman R, Koneru B, Wang CCP, Burckart GJ, Caritis SN, Starzl TE: Cyclosporine and its metabolites in mother and baby. Transplantation 46: 468–469, 1988 85 Shaheen FAM, Al-Sulaiman MH, Al-Khader AA: Long-term nephrotoxicity after exposure to cyclosporine in utero. Transplantation 56: 224–225, 1993 86 Hussein MM, Mooij JMV, Roujouleh H: Cyclosporine in the treatment of lupus nephritis including two patients treated during pregnancy. Clin Nephrol 40: 160–163, 1993 87 Wright S, Glover M, Baker H: Psoriasis, cyclosporine and pregnancy. Arch Dermatol 127: 426, 1991 88 Rose ML, Dominguez M, Leaver N, Lachno R, Yacoub MH: Analysis of T cell subpopulations and cyclosporine levels in the blood of two neonates born to immunosuppressed heart-lung transplant recipients. Transplantation 48: 223–226, 1989 89 Trentham DE: Novel immunomodulating and immunotherapies, and novel therapies and strategies for inflammatory arthropathy. Curr Opin Rheumatol 4: 322–324. 1992 90 Bakimer R, Guilburd B, Zurgil N, Schoenfeld Y: The effect of intravenous gamma globulin on the induction of experimental antiphospholipid syndrome. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 69: 97–102, 1993 91 Hockel M, Kaufmann R: Placental transfer of class G immunoglobulins treated with B-propiolactone (B-PL) for intravenous application: a case report. J Perinat Med 14: 205–207, 1986 92 Parke A: The role of IVIG in the management of patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy losses. Clin Rev Allergy 10: 105–118, 1992 93 Fabris P, Quaini R, Coser P, Casini M, Franceschini I, Pianezze G: Successful treatment of a steroid-resistant form of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy with high doses of intravenous immunoglobulins. Acta Haematol 77: 107–110, 1987 94 De La Camara C, Arrieta R, Gonzalez A, Iglesias E, Omenaca F: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin as the sole prenatal treatment for severe Rh immunization. N Engl J Med 318: 519–520, 1988 95 Hockel M, Oueiber-Luft A, Beck T, Zielberg R, Stopfkuchen H, Lissner R: The effect of antenatal intravenous immunoglobulin on ascending intrauterine infection after preterm premature rupture of the membranes: a pilot study. J Perinat Med 20: 101–110, 1992 96 Lambert JS, Stiehm ER: Passive immunity in the prevention of maternal-fetal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Ann N Y Acad Sci 693: 186–193, 1993 97 Potter M, Stockley R, Storry J, Slade R: ABO alloimmunization after intravenous immunoglobulin infusion. Lancet 1: 932–933, 1988 98 Reznikoff-Etievant MF, De Lachaux Y, Marpeau L, Courouce A: Intravenous immunoglobulins and hepatitis C transmission in healthy pregnant women. Lancet 340: 986, 1992 99 Outbreak of hepatitis C associated with intravenous immunoglobulin administration, United States, October 1993–June 1994. MMWR 43: 505–509, 1994 100 Cantu TG, Hoehn-Saric EW, Burgess KM, Racusen L, Scheel PJ: Acute renal failure associated with immunoglobulin therapy. Am J Kidney Dis 25: 228–234, 1995 101 Scott JR: The effect of immunosuppressive drugs and immunostimulating agents on reproductive performance. Transplant Proc 9: 1403–1407, 1977 102 Hill JA: Sporadic and recurrent abortion. Curr Prob Obstet Gynecol Fertil 17: 114–162, 1994 103 Hill JA, Polgar K, Anderson DJ: T helper 1-type immunity to trophoblast in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion. JAMA 273: 1933–1936, 1995 104 Tisch R, McDevitt HO: Antigen specific immunotherapy: is it a real possibility to combat T-cell mediated autoimmunity? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91: 437–438, 1994 105 Adorini L: Tolerance induction in mature T-cells. Immunologist 1: 185–190, 1993 106 Bach JF, Fracchia GN, Chatenoud L: Safety and efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in clinical therapy. Immunol Today 14: 421–425, 1993 107 Powrie F, Coffman RL: Cytokine regulation of T-cell function: potential for therapeutic intervention. Immunol Today 14: 270–274, 1993 Citing Literature Volume38, Issue12December 1995Pages 1722-1732 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)