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Effect of Penicillin Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae on the Presentation, Prognosis, and Treatment of Pneumococcal Endocarditis in Adults

2002; Oxford University Press; Volume: 35; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1086/341024

1537-6591

Estebán Martínez, José M. Miró, Benito Almirante, José María Aguado, P Fernández-Viladrich, Manuel L. Fernández-Guerrero, José Luis Villanueva‐Cañas, Fernando Dronda, Alfonso Moreno‐Torrico, Miguel Montejo, Pedro Llinares, José M. Gatell,

Bacterial Infections and Vaccines

We performed a clinical study of pneumococcal endocarditis (PE) in adults at 15 major Spanish hospitals during a 21-year period (1978-1998). During this time, 63 patients had PE due to Streptococcus pneumoniae diagnosed. Of the 63 isolates recovered from these patients, 24 (38%) and 6 (10%) showed resistance to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC], 0.1-4 microg/mL) and cefotaxime (MIC, 1 microg/mL), respectively. Twenty-two (35%) of the patients died. Left-side heart failure, but not penicillin resistance, was independently associated with a higher risk of death (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.71; P=.026). Patients without meningitis who had PE due to penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae could be treated with high-dose penicillin or a third-generation cephalosporin if the MIC for penicillin was < or =1 microg/mL. For patients with concurrent meningitis, high doses of cefotaxime could be used if the MIC for cefotaxime was < or =1 microg/mL. Early recognition of heart failure and surgery may help to decrease mortality.