Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Species of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae): in a transect of the Amazonian Rainforest in Oiapoque, Amapá, Brazil
2011; Pensoft Publishers; Volume: 28; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1590/s1984-46702011000500013
ISSN1984-4689
AutoresRose Benedita Rodrigues Trindade, Manoel A. Uchôa-Fernandes,
Tópico(s)Plant and animal studies
ResumoThe Amazon is the largest Rainforest in the world.In Brazil it occupies an area of approximately 5.5 million km 2 , representing about 50% of the Brazilian territory.It houses a rich plant diversity and a large number of native species of fruit trees, including various species of Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae, and Sapotaceae (CAVALCANTE 1991), which are considered potential host plants for the species of frugivorous Tephritoidea (ZUCCHI 2008, UCHÔA & NICÁCIO 2010).In the north region of Brazil, 60 species of Anastrepha have been recorded, representing 53.57% of the 112 species of the genus currently reported from the country (ZUCCHI 2008, NORRBOM & UCHÔA 2011).In addition to the species of Anastrepha, two introduced species, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) and Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, 1994, also occur in Amapá (SILVA & RONCHI-TELES 2000, UCHÔA & NICÁCIO 2010).The knowledge of the diversity, as well as the time of population outbreaks of a particular species of Tephritoidea with economic importance, is a prerequisite for the establishment of integrated pest management strategies of fruit fly populations (RONCHI-TELES & SILVA 2005).It appears to us that there are new species of Anastrepha in the Oiapoque region and some fruit fly species not yet recorded from northern Brazil or even from the country.This paper describes the diversity of tephritid species along a transect in the Amazonian Rainforest at the municipality of Oiapoque, state of Amapá, Brazil, provides new records, and suggests ecological patterns for the populations. MATERIAL AND METHODSThis study was carried out in the district of Clevelândia do Norte (30 °49'35"N, 51°51'39"W), about 2.5 km from the southern margin of the Oiapoque River.This region is located about 5 km south of the city of Oiapoque, Amapá, in the border with French Guiana, and harbors primary Rainforests.The area sampled presents the characteristic vegetation of dense highlands forest (CAVALCANTE 1991).The climate is Ami type, according to KÖPPEN's classification, with average annual temperature of 27°C, relative humidity of 82%, and annual rainfall greater than 3,000 mm.The dry period occurs from September to November, and the rainy season extends from December to June (ANA 2004).Eleven plastic McPhail traps were employed in the survey.All were baited with hydrolyzed corn protein (5% v/v) stabilized with borax (pH 8.5 to 9.0).The traps were placed on the tree branches, 1.60 m above the ground, approximately 200 m apart from one another, along a linear 2.2 km transect.The first trap was placed at 30°48'56"N, 51°51'46"W and the last trap at 30°47'58"N, 51°51'53"W.Each trap was inspected weekly from June 15, 2002 to June 28, 2003 to remove the trapped insects and renew the bait.Because the transect area was homogenous, all flies sampled weekly from the 11 traps were put together, totaling 55 samples.The collected fruit flies were stored in vials with 70% ethanol, transported to the Laboratório de Insetos Frugívoros,
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