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Effects of caffeine on anxiety and depression.

1984; American Psychological Association; Volume: 93; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1037/0021-843x.93.1.120

1939-1846

David M. Veleber, Donald I. Templer,

Bipolar Disorder and Treatment

The perspective gained from the previous literature regarding the effects of caffeine on anxiety and mood is not a clear one. Most of the reports concerning caffeine are based on clinical impression In two of the correlational studies, the relationship between caffeine consumption and anxiety is positive (Greden, Fontaine, Lubetsky, & Chamberun, 1978; Winstead, 1976), and in two it is negative (Hire, 1978; Lynn, 1973) The two experimental studies did not control for body weight and usual consumption (DeFreitas & Schwartz, 1979; Goldstem, Warren, & Kaizer, 1965) Only two studies have related caffeine consumption to mood One was a correlational study with psychiatric patients, which showed an inverse relationship (Greden et at., 1978), and the other was an experimental study that demonstrated no effects but did not control for body weight or usual consumption (Goldstein etal., 1965) Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that the effect of caffeine in psychiatric patients could be an indirect one through the interference with antipsychotic drug effect (Kulhanek, Linde, & Meisenberg, 1979) The experimental research described here was double blind and controlled for body weight and usual consumption, and used three dosage levels