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The periodontal ligament injection: A comparison of 2% lidocaine, 3% mepivacaine, and 1:100,000 epinephrine to 2% lidocaine with 1: 100,000 epinephrine in human mandibular premolars

1988; Elsevier BV; Volume: 14; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0099-2399(88)80124-9

1878-3554

John Richard Schleder, Al Reader, Mike Beck, William J. Meyers,

Pain Mechanisms and Treatments

The purpose of this study was to evaluate, with an electric pulp tester, the anesthetic efficacy of the periodontal ligament injection. Two percent lidocaine, 3% mepivacaine, and 1:100,000 epinephrine were compared with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in human mandibular premolars. Two percent lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine anesthetized significantly more first premolars (87% success), for a longer duration (approximately 20 min), than any of the test solutions. Three percent mepivacaine anesthetized 42% of the teeth and, had a duration of approximately 4 min. Two percent lidocaine anesthetized 14% of the teeth and had a duration of 2 to 4 min. The epinephrine solution did not anesthetize any teeth. Two percent lidocaine with epinephrine anesthetized more adjacent teeth, both mesial (45% success rate) and distal (78% success rate), for a longer duration than any of the test solutions. Initial needle penetrations and injections of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, in clinically healthy teeth, were only mildly discomforting. Postinjection discomfort was experienced by 88% of the subjects and 49% reported that their tooth felt high in occlusion. No clinically observable pulpal or periodontal damage was seen at 4 wk postinjection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, with an electric pulp tester, the anesthetic efficacy of the periodontal ligament injection. Two percent lidocaine, 3% mepivacaine, and 1:100,000 epinephrine were compared with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in human mandibular premolars. Two percent lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine anesthetized significantly more first premolars (87% success), for a longer duration (approximately 20 min), than any of the test solutions. Three percent mepivacaine anesthetized 42% of the teeth and, had a duration of approximately 4 min. Two percent lidocaine anesthetized 14% of the teeth and had a duration of 2 to 4 min. The epinephrine solution did not anesthetize any teeth. Two percent lidocaine with epinephrine anesthetized more adjacent teeth, both mesial (45% success rate) and distal (78% success rate), for a longer duration than any of the test solutions. Initial needle penetrations and injections of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine, in clinically healthy teeth, were only mildly discomforting. Postinjection discomfort was experienced by 88% of the subjects and 49% reported that their tooth felt high in occlusion. No clinically observable pulpal or periodontal damage was seen at 4 wk postinjection.