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Impact of antifouling booster biocides on single microalgal species and on a natural marine phytoplankton community

2005; Inter-Research; Volume: 286; Linguagem: Inglês

10.3354/meps286001

1616-1599

Rosangela Devilla, Murray T. Brown, Maria E. Donkin, GA Tarran, James Aiken, J.W. Readman,

Marine Ecology and Invasive Species

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 286:1-12 (2005) - doi:10.3354/meps286001 Impact of antifouling booster biocides on single microalgal species and on a natural marine phytoplankton community Rosângela A. Devilla1,2,*, Murray T. Brown2, Maria Donkin2, Glen A. Tarran1, James Aiken1, James W. Readman1 1Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth, Devon PL1 3DH, UK2Dept. of Biological Sciences, Plymouth Environmental Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK *Email: roadev@yahoo.co.uk ABSTRACT: Phytoplankton were exposed to 4 antifouling booster biocides (Sea-Nine 211®, Irgarol 1051®, diuron and zinc pyrithione) to investigate toxicological responses. Initially, single species/ single biocide exposure experiments revealed changes in pigment ratios under all biocide exposures for the prymnesiophyte Emiliania huxleyi, but not for the cyanophyte Synechococcus sp. Growth inhibition results following 72 h exposures indicated that Synechococcus sp. was more tolerant to zinc pyrithione (NOEC of 1.0 µg l-1) and Sea-Nine 211® (NOEC of 0.9 µg l-1) than E. huxleyi (EC50 of 0.54 and EC50 of 0.35 µg l-1, respectively). In contrast, Synechococcus sp. was more sensitive to diuron (EC50 of 0.55 µg l-1) than E. huxleyi (EC50 of 2.26 µg l-1), whereas exposure to Irgarol 1051® similarly impacted both species (EC50 of 0.16 and 0.25 µg l-1, respectively). In addition, the impact on photosynthesis and on pigment chemotaxonomy was investigated through a laboratory exposure experiment using a natural phytoplankton community. Pigment signatures were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and densities of size-classified phytoplankton groups were monitored using Analytical Flow Cytometry (AFC). Group-specific sensitivity of the natural phytoplankton community was detected through pigment composition after 72 h exposure to 5 µg l-1 zinc pyrithione and 10 µg l-1 Sea-Nine 211®. Zeaxanthin increased proportionally, indicating a relative increase in Cyanophyceae. This result was corroborated using AFC. Primary production, estimated by 14C-HCO3- uptake, was compared to maximum quantum yield of Photosystem II (FV/FM), which was quantified by Fast Repetition Rate Fluorimetry (FRRF). The 2 techniques were in good agreement (R2 = 0.89, p = 0.0001), both primary production and FV/FM being impaired by exposure to all biocides tested. These results are discussed in the context of the potential environmental impact of biocides on phytoplankton communities and the ecological implications of any modifications in species composition. KEY WORDS: Marine phytoplankton · Antifouling booster biocides · Emiliania huxleyi · Synechococcus sp. · Analytical Flow Cytometry · Pigments · Fast Repetition Rate Fluorescence · 14C-HCO3- uptake Full text in pdf format NextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 286. Online publication date: February 02, 2005 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2005 Inter-Research.