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Cracking the RNA polymerase II CTD code

2008; Elsevier BV; Volume: 24; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.tig.2008.03.008

1362-4555

Sylvain Egloff, Shona Murphy,

Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics

The carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II comprises multiple tandem conserved heptapeptide repeats, unique to this eukaryotic RNA polymerase. This unusual structure provides a docking platform for factors involved in various co-transcriptional events. Recruitment of the appropriate factors at different stages of the transcription cycle is achieved through changing patterns of post-translational modification of the CTD repeats, which create a readable ‘code’. A new phosphorylation mark both expands the CTD code and provides the first example of a CTD signal read in a gene type–specific manner. How and when is the code written and read? How does it contribute to transcription and coordinate RNA processing? The carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II comprises multiple tandem conserved heptapeptide repeats, unique to this eukaryotic RNA polymerase. This unusual structure provides a docking platform for factors involved in various co-transcriptional events. Recruitment of the appropriate factors at different stages of the transcription cycle is achieved through changing patterns of post-translational modification of the CTD repeats, which create a readable ‘code’. A new phosphorylation mark both expands the CTD code and provides the first example of a CTD signal read in a gene type–specific manner. How and when is the code written and read? How does it contribute to transcription and coordinate RNA processing?