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A new specimen of Toxodontidae (Notoungulata) from the Urumaco formation (Upper Miocene) of Venezuela

2006; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 4; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1017/s1477201906001854

1478-0941

Mariano Bond, Richard H. Madden, Alfredo A. Carlini,

Ichthyology and Marine Biology

Synopsis A new specimen of Toxodontidae, consisting of a partial mandibular ramus with three molars, is described from the Middle Member of the Urumaco Formation and compared with type and referred material from all four taxa previously reported from Venezuela and with several better known taxa of advanced Toxodontidae. Incomplete preservation and postmortem distortion make an assessment of its morphology difficult. Despite these shortcomings, the new material does not appear to represent any of the Venezuelan taxa previously described. The specimen shows a unique combination of characters including a pattern of lingual enamel folds, weakly developed metaentoconid and well‐developed ento‐hypoconid fold (m1 and m2, not in m3), subrounded and lingually expanded trigonid, transversely broad hypoconid and open labial enamel fold. In this combination of features, the new specimen most closely resembles the types of Trigodonops lopesiand Mixotoxodon larensis.