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Origin of the HIV-1 group O epidemic in western lowland gorillas

2015; National Academy of Sciences; Volume: 112; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1073/pnas.1502022112

1091-6490

Mirela D’arc, Ahidjo Ayouba, Amandine Esteban, Gerald H. Learn, Vanina Boué, Florian Liégeois, Lucie Etienne, Nikki Tagg, Fabian H. Leendertz, Christophe Boesch, Nadège F. Madinda, Martha M. Robbins, Maryke Gray, Amandine Cournil, Marcel Ooms, Michael Letko, Viviana Simon, Paul M. Sharp, Beatrice H. Hahn, Éric Delaporte, Eitel Mpoudi Ngole, Martine Peeters,

Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments

Significance Understanding emerging disease origins is important to gauge future human infection risks. This is particularly true for the various forms of the AIDS virus, HIV-1, which were transmitted to humans on four independent occasions. Previous studies identified chimpanzees in southern Cameroon as the source of the pandemic M group, as well as the geographically more restricted N group. Here, we show that the remaining two groups also emerged in southern Cameroon but had their origins in western lowland gorillas. Although group P has only been detected in two individuals, group O has spread extensively throughout west central Africa. Thus, both chimpanzees and gorillas harbor viruses that are capable of crossing the species barrier to humans and causing major disease outbreaks.