Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Weight Loss in Mildly to Moderately Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

1985; American College of Physicians; Volume: 103; Issue: 6_Part_1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-850

1539-3704

Philip L. Smith, Avram R. Gold, Deborah A. Meyers, Edward F. Haponik, Eugene R. Bleecker,

Sleep and Wakefulness Research

Article1 December 1985Weight Loss in Mildly to Moderately Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep ApneaPHILIP L. SMITH, M.D., AVRAM R. GOLD, M.D., DEBORAH A. MEYERS, Ph.D., EDWARD F. HAPONIK, M.D., EUGENE R. BLEECKER, M.D.PHILIP L. SMITH, M.D., AVRAM R. GOLD, M.D., DEBORAH A. MEYERS, Ph.D., EDWARD F. HAPONIK, M.D., EUGENE R. BLEECKER, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-850 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe therapeutic effects of weight loss were evaluated in 15 hypersomnolent patients with moderately severe obstructive sleep apnea. As patients decreased their body weight from 106.2 ± 7.3 kg (mean ± SE) to 96.6 ± 5.9 kg, apnea frequency fell from 55.0 ± 7.5 to 29.2 ± 7.1 episodes/h (p< 0.01) in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep with an associated significant decline in the mean oxyhemoglobin saturation during the remaining episodes of sleep apnea from 11.9 ± 2.4% to 7.9 ± 1.9% (p< 0.02). Sleep patterns also improved, with a reduction in stage I sleep from 40.2 ± 7.3% to 23.5 ± 4.8% (p< 0.01), and a rise in stage II sleep from 37.3 ± 7.0% to 49.4 ± 4.6% (p< 0.03). In the 9 patients with the most marked fall in apnea frequency, the tendency toward daytime hypersomnolence was decreased (p< 0.05). No significant changes in sleep patterns occurred in 8 age- and weight-matched control patients who did not lose weight. Moderate weight loss alone can alleviate sleep apnea, improve sleep architecture, and decrease daytime hypersomnolence....References1. GUILLEMINAULTVANHOEDMITLER CDJM. Clinical overview of the sleep apnea syndromes. In: GUILLEMINAULT C, DEMENT WC, eds. Sleep Apnea Syndromes. New York: Alan R. Liss; 1978:1-12. Google Scholar2. MOTTAGUILLEMINAULTSCHROEDERDEMENT JCJW. Tracheostomy and hemodynamic changes in sleep-inducing apnea. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:454-8. LinkGoogle Scholar3. CONWAYVICTORMAGILLIGANFUJITAZORICKROTH WLDSFT. Adverse effects of tracheostomy for sleep apnea. JAMA. 1981;246:347-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ORRIMESMARTIN WNR. Progesterone therapy in obese patients with sleep apnea. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:109-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. STROHLHENSLEYSAUNDERSSCHARFBROWNINGRAM KMNSRR. Progesterone administration and progressive sleep apneas. JAMA. 1981;245:1230-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. BROWNELLWESTSWEATMANACRESKRYGER LPPJM. Protriptyline in obstructive sleep apnea: a double-blind trial. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:1037-42. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. SMITHHAPONIKALLENBLEECKER PERE. The effects of protriptyline in sleep-disordered breathing. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983;127:8-13. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. MARTINSANDERSGRAYPENNOCK RMBB. Acute and long-term ventilatory effects of hyperoxia in the adult sleep apnea syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982;125:175-80. MedlineGoogle Scholar9. SMITHHAPONIKBLEECKER PEE. The effects of oxygen in patients with sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;130:958-63. MedlineGoogle Scholar10. GOLDHAPONIKBLEECKERSMITH AEEP. The effects of chronic oxygen administration in sleep apnea [Abstract]. Chest. 1984;86:326A. Google Scholar11. SULLIVANISSABERTHON-JONESEVES CFML. Reversal of obstructive sleep apnea by continuous positive airway pressure applied through the nares. Lancet. 1981;1:862-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. FUJITACONWAYZORICKROTH SWFT. Surgical correction of anatomic abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: uvulopalatopharyngo-plasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1981;89:923-34. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. SIMMONSGUILLEMINAULTSILVESTRI FCR. Snoring, and some obstructive sleep apnea, can be cured by oropharyngeal surgery. Arch Otolaryngol. 1983;109:503-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar14. SMITHMYERSHAPONIKBLEECKER PDEE. Objective assessment of severity in sleep disordered breathing: relationship to clinical manifestations. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;129:56A. Google Scholar15. HARMANWYNNEBLOCK EJA. The effect of weight loss on sleep-disordered breathing and oxygen desaturation in morbidly obese men. Chest. 1982;82:291-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16. BURWELLROBINWHALEYBICKELMANN CERA. Extreme obesity associated with alveolar hypoventilation: a pickwickian syndrome. Am J Med. 1956;21:811-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar17. ESTESSIEKERMCINTOSHKELSER EHHG. Reversible cardiopulmonary syndrome with extreme obesity. Circulation. 1957;16:179-87. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. WALSHMICHAELSONHARKLEROADZIGHELBOIMSACKNER RELMM. Upper airway obstruction in obese patients with sleep disturbance and somnolence. Ann Intern Med. 1972;76:185-92. LinkGoogle Scholar19. BROWMANSAMPSONYOLLES CMS. Obstructive sleep apnea and body weight. Chest. 1984;85:435-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. DOUGLASBRASHWRAITH NHP. Accuracy, sensitivity to carboxyhemoglobin, and speed of response of the Hewlett-Packard 47201A ear oximeter. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979;119:311-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar21. KALESRECHTSCHAFFEN AA. A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques, and Scoring System for Sleep Stages of Human Subjects. Los Angeles: B1S/BRI, University of California at Los Angeles; 1968:4-11. Google Scholar22. MITLER M. The multiple sleep latency test as an evaluation for excessive somnolence. In: GUILLEMINAULT C, ed. Sleeping and Waking Disorders: Indications and Techniques. Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.; 1982:145-53. Google Scholar23. RYANJOINERRYAN TBB. Minitab. Boston: Duxbury Press; 1976. Google Scholar24. GEHAN E. A generalized Wilcoxon test for comparing arbitrarily singly censored samples. Biometrika. 1965;52:203-23. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar25. ORRMARTINIMESROGERSSTAHL WRNRM. Hypersomnolent and nonhypersomnolent patients with upper airway obstruction during sleep. Chest. 1979;75:418-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar26. HAPONIKBLEECKERALLENSMITHKAPLAN EERPJ. Abnormal inspiratory flow-volume curves in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981;124:571-4. MedlineGoogle Scholar27. HAPONIKSMITHBOHLMANALLENGOLDMANBLEECKER EPMRSE. Computerized tomography in obstructive sleep apnea. Correlation of airway size and physiology during sleep and wakefulness. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983;127:221-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar28. HOFFSTEINZAMELPHILLIPSON VNE. Lung volume dependence of pharyngeal cross-sectional area in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;130:175-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. New weight standards for men and women. Stat Bull Metrop Life Insur Co. 1959;40:1-4. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: ▸From the Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions; Baltimore, Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Association Between Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisPredictors of weight loss in obese patients with obstructive sleep apneaEvaluation and management of extrahepatic manifestations of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseBody Mass Index Reduction and Selected Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Meta-AnalysisSGLT2 inhibitors and sleep apnea; how helpful are the medications: A meta-analysisRecent Advances in Studies on the Role of Neuroendocrine Disorders in Obstructive Sleep Apnea–Hypopnea Syndrome-Related AtherosclerosisThe Role of Weight Management as First-line Treatment Modality in Obstructive Sleep Apnea of Obese PatientsCardiac, Hemodynamic and Electrophysiological Changes in Obesity and the Effects of Bariatric and Metabolic SurgeryObstructive Sleep Apnea and HypertensionThe effects of weight loss, tracheostomy, and medication on obesity hypoventilation syndromeNeuromodulation in Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Ruptured Intracranial AneurysmsImpact of Weight Loss on Sleep ApneaObstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypoxia, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseClinical Practice Guideline Summary for Clinicians: The Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep ApneaInteraction of obesity and atrial fibrillation: an overview of pathophysiology and clinical managementMedical Management of Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice GuidelineSleep-disordered breathing in C57BL/6J mice with diet-induced obesitySleep apnea, metabolic disease, and the cutting edge of therapyEffects of obesity therapies on sleep disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea Management: An Overview of the LiteratureÉtat des lieux des connaissances et attitudes des médecins de Brazzaville sur le syndrome d'apnée obstructive du sommeilResearch Priorities in Pathophysiology for Sleep-disordered Breathing in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. An Official American Thoracic Society Research StatementEffect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetesFactores de riesgo y asociados al síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)Diet and exercise in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea and cardiovascular disease riskComparative efficacy of CPAP, MADs, exercise-training, and dietary weight loss for sleep apnea: a network meta-analysisDiabetes and Sleep DisordersDiabetes and Sleep DisordersMedical and Device Treatment for Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe role of physical exercise in obstructive sleep apneaAmerican Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Comprehensive Clinical Practice Guidelines Formedical Care of Patients with ObesitySleep DisordersDiabetes and Sleep DisordersBariatric SurgeryA Case of Huge Lingual Tonsillar Hypertrophy Causing Obstructive Sleep Apnea in AdultObesity, Oxidative Stress, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, and the Associated Health Risks: Causes and Therapeutic StrategiesImpact of Facial Conformation on Canine Health: Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway SyndromeThe Evaluation of Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Nasal Geometry Using Objective and Subjective MethodsBariatric Surgery or Non-Surgical Weight Loss for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea? A Systematic Review and Comparison of Meta-analysesPrevention of Postoperative Pulmonary ComplicationsManagement of sleep apnea: a critical look at intra-oral appliancesInflammation in sleep apnea: An updateThe Implications of Obesity for Cardiac Arrhythmia Mechanisms and ManagementBiomechanical Factors in Surgical OrthodonticsIntroductionIntroductionMedical Management of Obstructive Sleep ApneaEpidemiology and Etiology of Obstructive Sleep ApneaEffects of Total Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Thyroid Cancer Patients on Sleep Apnea and SnoringWeight loss from lifestyle interventions and severity of sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysisVelopharyngeal Anatomy in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Versus Normal SubjectsRisk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in non-obese Korean patients: Significance of body weightEffects of dietary weight loss on obstructive sleep apneaEffects of Exercise Training on Sleep Apnea: A Meta-analysisAdult obstructive sleep apnoeaSupine position related obstructive sleep apnea in adults: Pathogenesis and treatmentObesity and obstructive sleep apnea – Clinical significance of weight lossObstructive Sleep Apnea in AdultsSleep Disorders and the Development of Insulin Resistance and ObesityWeight, inflammation, cancer-related symptoms and health-related quality of life among breast cancer survivorsEffects of dietary weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysisPathogenesis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in ObesityObstructive Sleep Apnea–Hypopnea Syndrome in Premenopausal WomenScreening for obstructive sleep apnea among individuals with severe mental illness at a primary care clinicSleep-Disordered BreathingEffects of exercise training associated with continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndromeSnoring and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a reflection on the role of dentistry in the current scientific scenarioObstructive sleep apnoea - a marker of increased cardiovascular riskSleep disorders in morbid obesityCorrelation of clinical profiles with obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndromeSleep Apnea and ObesityFunctional Aspects and Upper Airway Control During Wakefulness and SleepObstructive Sleep Apnea SyndromesObstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment Overview and Medical TreatmentsBehavioral and Medical Interventions in Sleep-Related Breathing DisordersTreating Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Positive Pressure TherapyObstructive sleep apnoea and schizophrenia: a primer for psychiatristsA 3-Dimensional Airway Analysis of an Obstructive Sleep Apnea Surgical Correction With Cone Beam Computed TomographySleep-Disordered BreathingObstructief slaapapneusyndroom (OSAS): definitie, diagnostiek en behandelingEvidence for dental and dental specialty treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. Part 1: the adult OSA patient and Part 2: the paediatric and adolescent patientMedical and surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, including dental appliancesMedical Therapy for Obstructive Sleep ApneaObesitySleep apnoeas and neurobehavioral effects in solvent exposed workersObstructive Sleep Apnea: A review of current treatment optionsThe Effects of Non-surgical Weight Reduction on Daytime Sleepiness and Fatigue in Patients with Obstructive Sleep AnpeaStratégie thérapeutique du SAHOS intégrant les traitements associés ?Surgical Options for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep ApneaCardiovascular Consequences of Obese and Nonobese Obstructive Sleep ApneaOrthodontic Considerations Related to Sleep-Disordered BreathingInteractions Between Obesity and Obstructive Sleep ApneaEndocrine Aspects of Obstructive Sleep ApneaLifestyle modification for obstructive sleep apnoeaDiabetes and Sleep DisordersRole of Orthodontics in Obstructive Sleep ApneaIdentification and Evaluation of the Patient with Lung DiseaseSleep‐Disordered Breathing and ObesityCan Improving Sleep Influence Sleep-Disordered Breathing?Treatment of Patients With Simple SnoringTratamiento del paciente con ronquidos simplesThe Relationship of Obesity and Obstructive Sleep ApneaIdentification and Evaluation of the Patient with Lung DiseasePrevalence and risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea among middle-aged urban Indians: A community-based studyObstructive sleep apnoea in patients with type 2 diabetes: aetiology and implications for clinical careLifestyle Intervention with Weight ReductionResolución de las patologías comórbidas bariátricasObstructive sleep apnoea and its cardiovascular consequencesOxidative Stress—A Unifying Paradigm in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and ComorbiditiesEffects of Maintained Weight Loss on Sleep Dynamics and Neck Morphology in Severely Obese AdultsPrevention of Postoperative Pulmonary ComplicationsObesity Hypoventilation SyndromeWeight reduction improves sleep, sleepiness and metabolic status in obese sleep apnoea patientsSleep Apnea and Cardiovascular DiseaseSleep Apnea and Cardiovascular DiseaseObesity and obstructive sleep apnea: Or is it OSA and obesity?Weight reduction improves nocturnal respiration in obese sleep apnoea patients—A randomized controlled pilot studyArrhythmias in patients with obstructive sleep apneaSecondary hypertension: Current diagnosis and treatmentObstructive sleep apnea and coronary artery diseaseBiology of peripheral blood cells in obstructive sleep apnea – the tip of the icebergSleep-Disordered Breathing and Metabolic Effects: Evidence from Animal ModelsPeri-operative identification of patients at risk for obstructive sleep apneaObstructive Sleep Apnea‐hypopnea Syndrome Patients with Overweight and Hypertension in a Japanese WorkplaceNeuromechanical control of upper airway patency during sleepSleep Apnea and HypertensionResolution of Bariatric Comorbidities: Sleep ApneaUvulopalatopharyngoplasty outcome assessment with quantitative computer-assisted videoendoscopic airway analysisLife Expectancy Benefits of Gastric Bypass SurgeryObesitySleep Apnea and Commercial Motor Vehicle Operators:Stellenwert der Nicht-nCPAP-Verfahren in der Therapie des obstruktiven Schlafapnoe-SyndromsStellenwert der Nicht-nCPAP-Verfahren in der Therapie des obstruktiven Schlafapnoe-Syndroms. Relevance of Non-CPAP Treatment Options in the Therapy of the Obstructive Sleep Apnoea SyndromeObesity-related cardiovascular disease: implications of obstructive sleep apneaPhasic Respiratory Pharyngeal Mechanics by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Lean and Obese Zucker RatsThe Effect of Obesity Surgery on Obesity ComorbidityObstructive Sleep ApneaCorrection of severe obstructive sleep apnea with bimaxillary transverse distraction osteogenesis and maxillomandibular advancementGewichtsveranderung unter langfristiger CPAP-Therapie - Eine retrospektive Analyse an 244 Patienten. Weight Changes under Long-Term CPAP Therapy - A Retrospective Analysis of 244 PatientsOBESITYAn Interesting Case of Central and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in A Patient of Congestive Heart Failure with Unmasking of CSA\'s Following CPAP UseEthnicity and obstructive sleep apnoeaDepression and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)Shared genetic risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and obesityDemographics and Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe Impact of Anatomic Manipulations on Pharyngeal CollapseThe values of 24-monitorlng of blood pressure in patients with obesity, arterial hypertension, and the obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndromeHealth Ramifications of the Obesity EpidemicPulmonary Disorders in the Training RoomObstructive Sleep ApneaSean M. Caples, DO, Apoor S. Gami, MD, and Virend K. Somers, MD, PhDInteractions between obstructive sleep apnea and the metabolic syndromeAnatomy and Physiology of Upper Airway ObstructionMedical Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea SyndromeObstructive Sleep Apnea and HypertensionObstructive Sleep ApneaTroubles respiratoires au cours du sommeil, obésité et diabèteImpact of obesity on the risk of heart failure and survival after the onset of heart failureWeight Loss and Metabolic DiseasesObesity and Associated ComplicationsUpper Airway and Its Surrounding Structures in Obese and Nonobese Patients With Sleep-Disordered BreathingNon-apneic snoring and the orthodontist: the effectiveness of mandibular advancement splintsE fficacy and C o-morbidity of O ral A ppliances in the T reatment of O bstructive S leep A pnea- H ypopnea: a S ystematic R eviewObesity and obstructive sleep apneaObesity, Sleep Apnea, and HypertensionA review of surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndromeHealth-related quality of life in obese outpatients losing weight with very-low-energy diet and behaviour modification—a 2-y follow-up studyThe Long-term Results of Gastric Bypass on Indexes of Sleep ApneaHealth-related quality of life in obese outpatients losing weight with very-low-energy diet and behaviour modification: a 2-y follow-up studyPrinciples and Practices in the Management of ObesityHypercapnic duty cycle is an intermediate physiological phenotype linked to mouse chromosome 5Behavioral and pharmacologic therapy of obstructive sleep apneaGenomic approaches to understanding obstructive sleep apneaSleep Apnea and Heart FailureThe role of oral appliances in treating obstructive sleep apneaA Whole-Genome Scan for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and ObesitySíndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño: respuesta favorable a la pérdida de peso en dos pacientes jóvenesMeasurement of Sleep Apnea during Obesity TreatmentMaxillomandibular advancement surgery for obstructive sleep apnea syndromeAGA technical review on obesityObstructive Sleep ApneaAcoustic Reflection: Review and Clinical Applications for Sleep- Disordered BreathingAnatomical FactorsLong-term follow-up of untreated patients with sleep apnoea syndromeEpidemiology of Obstructive Sleep ApneaSleep-disordered Breathing and Insulin Resistance in Middle-aged and Overweight MenAnálisis clínico y funcional de los resultados de la uvulopalatofaringoplastia a largo plazoCephalometric and physiologic predictors of the efficacy of an adjustable oral appliance for treating obstructive sleep apneaOutcome Success in ObesityPulmonary Complications of ObesitySleep-Related Breathing Disorders: Current Treatment OptionsObstructive sleep apnea: An unrecognized but prevalent conditionThe genetics of sleep apneaDoes obstructive sleep apnea confound sleep architecture findings in subjects with depressive symptoms?CLINICAL REVIEW ARTICLE: Weight loss as a treatment for obstructive sleep apnoeaMorbidly Obese Patients With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Is Airway Reconstructive Surgery a Viable Treatment Option?The Efficacy of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Is Not ProvenPrevalence of Sleep Apnea and Electrocardiographic Disturbances in Morbidly Obese PatientsObstructive Sleep Apnea: Unjustified Diagnostic ChallengesDental considerations in upper airway sleep disorders: A review of the literatureMaxillomandibular Advancement Surgery in a Site-Specific Treatment Approach for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in 50 Consecutive PatientsPerformance of Sleep Histories in an Ambulatory Medicine ClinicDECISION MAKING IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHINGRecent weight gain in patients with newly diagnosed obstructive sleep apneaDebating sympathetic overactivity as a hallmark of human obesityCorrelates of Body Mass Index in Hazardous Materials FirefightersMedical management of obstructive sleep apneaSyndrome X and the Benefits of Weight LossExpression of leptin receptor in lung: leptin as a growth factorSNORING, OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA, AND SURGERYUPPER AIRWAY ASSESSMENTDiagnostic and Treatment Implications of Nasal Obstruction in Snoring and Obstructive Sleep ApneaInstability of Ventilatory Control in Patients with Obstructive Sleep ApneaREFERENCE LISTA nurse‐managed weight reduction programme for obstructive sleep apnoea syndromeSleep Disorders in Dialysis PatientsThe effect of a very low-calorie diet-induced weight loss on the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea and autonomic nervous function in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndromeUPPER AIRWAY IMAGINGDECISION MAKING IN OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHINGStatement on Health Outcomes Research in Sleep ApneaTreatments for obesityLimitations and promise in the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnoeaControversies in Sleep Disorders MedicineThe Pharyngeal Critical PressureNonsurgical management of the obstructive sleep apnea patientSurgical management of obstructive sleep apneaPathophysiologic and therapeutic implicationsof sleep apnea in congestive heart failureOBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEASleep apneaTreatment of Obstructive Sleep ApneaEvaluation of pulmonary function and polysomnography in obese children and adolescentsObstructive Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea After 1 Year Domiciliary Nasal-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Attempted Weight ReductionTreatment of obstructive sleep apnea in achondroplasia: Evaluation of sleep, breathing, and somatosensory-evoked potentialsSleep Apnea Syndrome: A Report of 20 Saudi PatientsSleep apnoea in patients with quadriplegia.Treatment for SnoringDynamic Pharyngoscopy in Predicting Outcome of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for Moderate and Severe Obstructive Sleep ApneaTREATING OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA: CAN AN INTRAORAL PROSTHESIS HELP?Effects of a cognitive-behavioural weight loss programme on overweight obstructive sleep apnoea patientsWeight loss for obstructive sleep apnea: The optimal therapy for obese patientsDisminución del requerimiento del nivel de CPAP tras un tratamiento prolongado en pacientes con síndrome de apneas obstructivas durante el sueñoObstructive sleep apnea6 Sleep-disordered breathing and obesityObstructive sleep apneaSleep DisordersSleep-Disordered Breathing Preliminary Natural History and Mortality ResultsThe Association Between Hypertension and Sleep Apnea in Obese PatientsPharyngeal Fat in Obstructive Sleep ApneaMandible Enclosure of Upper Airway and Weight in Obstructive Sleep ApneaThe investigation and treatment of sleep-related breathing disordersNasal CPAP and weight loss in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Chemosensitivity in Moderately Obese Patients with Sleep ApneaAdiposity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Men With Obstructive Sleep ApneaSleep Apnea -- A Major Public Health ProblemEpidemiology and Natural History of Obstructive Sleep ApneaUPPER AIRWAY IMAGING IN RELATION TO OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAHYPERTENSION, CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, AND STROKE IN RELATION TO OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAMANAGEMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEAMedical implications of obesitySleep apnea and systemic hypertension: A causal association reviewObstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in morbidly obese patientsSnoring and the risk of ischemic brain infarction.Rationale and indications for surgical treatment in obstructive sleep apnea syndromeConservative treatment modalities for obstructive sleep apneaDoes Oximetry Contribute to the Detection of Apneic Events?The Effect of Nightly Nasal CPAP Treatment on Underlying Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pharyngeal SizeTreatment of sleep disordered breathingTypische häufige KrankheitssyndromeSleep apnea syndrome: Symptomatology, associated features, and neurocognitive correlatesObstructive Sleep Apnea Orthognathic Surgery Perspectives, Past, Present, and FutureObstructive Sleep Apnea SyndromeSleep Disorders and Upper Airway Obstruction in AdultsObstructive Sleep Apnea and ObesityNeuropsychiatric Manifestations of Obstructive Sleep APNEA: A ReviewSleep Apnea in the ElderlyUvulopalatopharyngoplasty in severe idiopathic obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.Treatment of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Using A Nasopharyngeal TubeChanges in Breathing and the Pharynx after Weight Loss in Obstructive Sleep ApneaPatient Selection for Obesity SurgeryVentilatory Control During Sleep in the ElderlyNeuropharmacology of obstructive sleep apnea and central apneaObstructive Sleep ApneaObstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome in Premenopausal WomenSleep DisordersOverview of the Treatment of Obesity 1 December 1985Volume 103, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 850-855KeywordsApneaFallsNursing homesOverweightPulmonary medicinePulse oximetrySleepSleep apneaSleep disordersWeight loss Issue Published: 1 December 1985 Copyright©1985 American College of PhysiciansPDF DownloadLoading ...