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Craters from surface explosions and scaling laws

1968; American Geophysical Union; Volume: 73; Issue: 14 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1029/jb073i014p04621

2156-2202

L.J. Vortman,

Marine and environmental studies

Journal of Geophysical Research (1896-1977)Volume 73, Issue 14 p. 4621-4636 Craters from surface explosions and scaling laws L. J. Vortman, L. J. VortmanSearch for more papers by this author L. J. Vortman, L. J. VortmanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 15 July 1968 https://doi.org/10.1029/JB073i014p04621Citations: 31AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Scaling laws for craters from surface explosions are derived from the nuclear explosions and applicable chemical explosions to date. The data are insufficient for defining scaling more accurately than by a first-order power law. Nuclear and chemical explosions are consistent in indicating that of the crater radii scale as a power of energy, larger than ⅓. A possible explanation of the larger scaling is hypothesized. References Bishop, J. A., F. E. Lowance, Physical characteristics of crater and lip, Operation JangleWT-375 (WT-399)May, 1952. Brode, M. L., R. L. Bjork, Cratering from a megaton surface burst, Rand Corp. Res. MemR M-2600, Santa Monica, Calif.30June, 1960. Carlson, R. H., G. D. Jones, High explosive cratering studies in hard rockBoeing Co. Rept. D2-90704-1, Seattle, Wash.15November, 1965. Carlson, R. H., W. A. Roberts, Local distribution of materials ejected by surface explosionsWhite Tribe Rept. D2-6955-2Boeing Company15August, 1961. Chabai, A. J., On scaling dimensions of craters produced by buried explosives, J. Geophys. Res., 70, 5075– 5098, 1966. Cherry, J. T., Computer calculations of explosion-produced craters, Intern. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci., 7, 1– 22, 1967. Circeo Jr., L. J., M. D. Nordyke, Nuclear cratering experience at the Pacific Proving GroundsLawrence Radiation Lab. Rept. UCRL-12172, Livermore, Calif.10November, 1964. , Defense Atomic Support Agency, Symposium proceedings: Operation Snow Ball, Vol. 1,August1965. Flanagan, T. J., Crater studies, Project Air VentSandia Corp. Rept. SC-RR-64-1704April, 1966. Godfrey, L. S., et al., Calculations of underground and surface explosionsAir Force Weapons Lab. Tech. Rept. AFWL-TR-65-211, Albuquerque, N. M.June, 1966. Jones, G. H. S., J. E. Krohn, Ground displacement near the detonation of a 40,000 lb. hemisphere of TNTSuffield Tech. Paper 213Suffield Experiment Station, Ralston, Alberta, Canada14December, 1960. Jones, G. H. S., J. E. Krohn, J. M. Dewey, Surface burst of 100-ton hemispherical charge, ground displacementSuffield Tech. Paper 250Suffield Experimental Station, Ralston, Alberta, Canada14May, 1962. Jones, G. H. S., N. Spackman, F. I-I. Winfield, Cratering by ground burst TNTSuffield Tech. Paper 158Suffield Experimental Station, Ralston, Alberta, Canada, 1959. Kempster, D. J., Surface burst of a 100-ton TNT hemispherical charge (1961), Crater and Ejecta Deposit MeasurementsSuffield Experimental Station, Alberta, Canada31May, 1962. Lampson, C. W., final report on effects of underground explosionsNDRC Rept. A-279 and OSRD Rept. 6645March, 1946. Lewis, J. G., Crater measurements, operation teapot, Armed Forces Special Weapons ProjectRept. WT-110518July, 1955. Nordyke, M. D., Nuclear craters and preliminary theory of the mechanics of explosive crater formation, J. Geophys. Res., 66, 3439– 3459, 1961. Nordyke, M. D., An analysis of cratering data from desert alluvium, J. Geophys. Res., 67, 1965– 1974, 1962. Rooke Jr., A. D., L. K. Davis, Crater measurements Project Flat TopU.S. Army Waterways Experiment Station Rept. POR-3008, Vicksburg, Miss.9August, 1966. Rooke Jr., A. D., andL. K. Davis, Monitor crater studies, in Operation Distant Plain Symposium, 1,DASA Information and Analysis Center,Santa Barbara, California,September1967. Sherwood, A. E., Effect of air drag on particles ejected during explosive cratering, J. Geophys. Res., 72, 1783– 1791, 1967. Valle Jr., R. B., Pacific craters and scaling laws, J. Geophys. Res., 66, 3413– 3438, 1961. Vortman, L. J., The relationship of overpressure at the crater edge to the yield of a surface burstSandia Corp. Rept. SC-4918(RR), Albuquerque, N.M.June, 1963. Vortman, L. J., Dimensions of a crater from a 500-ton TNT hemisphere detonated on rockSandia Corp. Rept. SC-RR-65-277, Albuquerque, N.M.July, 1965. Vortman, L. J., et al., 20-ton I-IE cratering experiment in desert alluvium, Project Stage-coachSandia Corp. Rept. SC-4596(RR), Albuquerque, N.M.May, 1962. , Waterways Experiment Station, Effects of a soil-rock interface on crateringRept. AFSWP-1056, Vicksburg, Miss.May, 1958. , Waterways Experiment Station, Crater and permanent displacement measurements from a five-ton surface explosionMisc. Paper 2-424April, 1961. , Waterways Experiment Station, Crater measurements from a twenty-ton surface explosionMisc. Paper 2-490June, 1962a. , Waterways Experiment Station, Crater measurements from a 100-ton surface explosionMisc. Paper 2-529October, 1962b. Citing Literature Volume73, Issue1415 July 1968Pages 4621-4636 ReferencesRelatedInformation