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Effects of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde inhalation on rat pulmonary mechanics

1985; Wiley; Volume: 5; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/jat.2550050505

1099-1263

Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Marina Pires do Rio Caldeira, Eduardo Massad, Débora Fernandes Calheiros, Luiza Maria Nunes Cardoso, György Böhm, Carmen Diva Saldiva,

Respiratory Support and Mechanisms

Abstract Two groups of 12 male Wistar rats received either 243 ppm of acetaldehyde or 5.7 ppm of formaldehyde for 8h a day, 5 days a week during 5 weeks. These levels represent three times the threshold limit values (TLV) for these substances in Brazilian legislation. The animals were evaluated by pulmonary function tests before and after exposure to the pollutants. The data obtained from these rats were compared with those of 12 controls, housed in identical conditions for the same length of time but breathing normal air. The results showed an increase of the functional residual capacity, residual volume, total lung capacity and respiratory frequency in the rats exposed to acetaldehyde atmosphere. The animals exposed to formaldehyde did not present pulmonary function alterations when compared with the controls. The damage caused by acetaldehyde to the peripheral regions of the lung parenchyma, affecting small airways or altering pulmonary elastic properties, is discussed. It is suggested that the Brazilian TLV for acetaldehyde (78 ppm) is not as safe as that for formaldehyde (1.6 ppm).