Artigo Revisado por pares

World Heritage Status and Conservation of Southern Ocean Islands

2001; Wiley; Volume: 15; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015003550.x

ISSN

1523-1739

Autores

Steven L. Chown, Ana S. L. Rodrigues, Niek J.M. Gremmen, Kevin J. Gaston,

Tópico(s)

Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies

Resumo

Conservation BiologyVolume 15, Issue 3 p. 550-557 World Heritage Status and Conservation of Southern Ocean Islands Steven L. Chown, Steven L. Chown Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this authorAna S.L. Rodrigues, Ana S.L. Rodrigues Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorNiek J.M. Gremmen, Niek J.M. Gremmen Arctic Centre, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Current address: Data Analyse Ecologie, Dwarsdrift 24,7981 AP Diever, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorKevin J. Gaston, Kevin J. Gaston Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author Steven L. Chown, Steven L. Chown Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this authorAna S.L. Rodrigues, Ana S.L. Rodrigues Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorNiek J.M. Gremmen, Niek J.M. Gremmen Arctic Centre, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Current address: Data Analyse Ecologie, Dwarsdrift 24,7981 AP Diever, The NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorKevin J. Gaston, Kevin J. Gaston Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author First published: 12 January 2002 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015003550.xCitations: 42Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Literature Cited Anonymous. 1994. Heard Island Wilderness Reserve: management plan. Australian Antarctic Division, Hobart. Anonymous. 1997. Subantarctic Islands heritage. Nomination of the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands by the government of New Zealand for inclusion in the World Heritage List. Department of Conservation, Wellington. Anonymous. 2000a. Appointment of a consultant to compile a nomination report for the declaration of the Prince Edward Islands as World Heritage sites. Tender bulletin 1958. Republic of South Africa, Pretoria. Anonymous. 2000b. Minutes of the ninth Prince Edward Islands Management Committee meeting. South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. Bergstrom, D. & S. L. Chown. 1999. Life at the front: history, ecology and change on Southern Ocean islands. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 14: 472–477. Chapuis, J. L. & Y. Frenot. 1997. Restauration d'îles subantarctiques Françaises. Association Amicale des Missions Australes et Polaires Françaises 42: 28–31. Chapuis, J. L., P. Bousses, G. Barnaud. 1994. Alien mammals, impact and management in the French sub-Antarctic islands. Biological Conservation 67: 97–104. Cherel, Y., H. Weimerskirch, G. Duhamel. 1996. Interactions between longline vessels and seabirds in Kerguelen waters and a method to reduce seabird mortality. Biological Conservation 75: 63–70. Chevrier, M., P. Vernon, Y. Frenot. 1997. Potential effects of two alien insects on a sub-Antarctic wingless fly in the Kerguelen islands. Pages 424–431 in B. Battaglia, J. Valencia, and D. Walton, editors. Antarctic communities: species, structure and survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Chown, S. L. & K. J. Gaston. 2000. Island-hopping invaders hitch a ride with tourists in South Georgia. Nature 408: 637. Chown, S. L., K. J. Gaston, P. H. Williams. 1998a. Global patterns in species richness of pelagic seabirds: the Procellariiformes. Ecography 21: 342–350. Chown, S. L., N. J. M. Gremmen, K. J. Gaston. 1998b. Ecological biogeography of Southern Ocean islands: species-area relationships, human impacts, and conservation. The American Naturalist 152: 562–575. Chown, S. L., K. J. Gaston, N. J. M. Gremmen. 2000. Including the Antarctic: insights for ecologists everywhere. Pages 1–15 in W. Davison and C. Howard-Williams, and P. Broady, editors. Antarctic ecosystems: models for wider ecological understanding. New Zealand Natural Sciences, Christchurch, New Zealand. Church, R. L., D. M. Stoms, F. W. Davis. 1996. Reserve selection as a maximal covering location problem. Biological Conservation 76: 105–112. Clark, M. R. & P. R. Dingwall 1985. Conservation of islands in the Southern Ocean: a review of the protected areas of Insulantarctica. World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Dingwall, P. R., editor. 1987. Conserving the natural heritage of the Antarctic Realm. World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Dingwall, P. R., editor. 1995. Progress in conservation of the subantarctic islands. World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Dobson, A. P., J. P. Rodriguez, W. M. Roberts, D. S. Wilcove. 1997. Geographic distribution of endangered species in the United States. Science 275: 550–553. Ernsting, G., W. Block, H. MacAlister, C. Todd. 1995. The invasion of the carnivorous carabid beetle Trechisibus antarcticus on South Georgia (sub-Antarctic) and its effect on the endemic herbivorous beetle Hydromedion sparsutum. Oecologia 103: 34–42. Evenhuis, N. L. 1989. Catalogue of Oceanic and Australasian Diptera. Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu, and E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands. Frenot, Y., J.-C. Gloaguen, P. Trehen. 1997. Climate change in Kerguelen Islands and colonization of recently deglaciated areas by Poa kerguelensis and P. annua. Pages 358–366 in B. Battaglia, J. Valencia, and D. Walton, editors. Antarctic communities: species, structure and survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Gales, R., N. Brothers, T. Reid. 1997. Seabird mortality in the Japanese tuna longline fishery around Australia, 1988–1995. Biological Conservation 86: 37–56. Gaston, K. J. 1996. Species richness: measure and measurement. Pages 77–113 in K. J. Gaston, editor. Biodiversity. A biology of numbers and difference. Blackwell Science, Oxford, United Kingdom. Greenslade, P. 1990. Notes on the biogeography of the free-living terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Macquarie Island with an annotated checklist. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 124: 35–50. Gremmen, N. J. M. 1981. The vegetation of the subantarctic islands Marion and Prince Edward. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague. Gremmen, N. J. M. 2000. Eradication of Sagina procumbens (procumbent pearlwort) in the Gough Island Wildlife Reserve. Tristan da Cunha Administration, Edinburgh, Tristan da Cunha. Gremmen, N. J. M. & V. R. Smith. 1999. New records of alien vascular plants from Marion and Prince Edward Islands, Sub-Antarctic. Polar Biology 21: 401–409. Gremmen N. J. M., S. L. Chown, D. J. Marshall. 1998. Impact of the introduced grass Agrostis stolonifera L. on vegetation and soil fauna of drainage line communities at Marion Island, sub-Antarctic. Biological Conservation 85: 223–231. Gressitt, J. L. 1970. Subantarctic entomology and biogeography. Pacific Insects Monograph 23: 295–374. Hänel, C. & S. L. Chown. 1998. The impact of a small, alien macro-invertebrate on a sub-Antarctic terrestrial ecosystem: Limnophyes minimus Meigen (Diptera, Chironomidae) at Marion Island. Polar Biology 20: 99–106. Heydenrych, R. & S. Jackson 2000. Environmental impact assessment of tourism to Marion Island. South African Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria. Holdgate, M. W. 1965. The Biological Report of the Royal Society Expedition to Tristan da Cunha. Part III. The fauna of the Tristan da Cunha Islands. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 152: 550–567. Howard, P. C., P. Viskanic, T. R. B. Davenport, F. W. Kigenyi, M. Baltzer, C. J. Dickinson, J. S. Lwanga, R. A. Matthews, A. Balmford. 1998. Complementarity and the use of indicator groups for reserve selection in Uganda. Nature 394: 472–475. Huyser, O., P. G. Ryan, J. Cooper. 2000. Changes in population size, habitat use and breeding biology of lesser sheathbills Chionis minor at Marion Island: impacts of cats, mice and climate change? Biological Conservation 92: 299–310. IUCN(World Conservation Union). 1991. A strategy for Antarctic conservation. Gland, Switzerland. IUCN(World Conservation Union). 1992. Report of the working group on application of the World Heritage Convention to islands of the Southern Ocean. Miscellaneous report. Gland, Switzerland. IUCN(World Conservation Union). 1995. Ranking the World Heritage values of islands of the Southern Ocean. Miscellaneous report. Gland, Switzerland. International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators. 2000. Available from http://www.iaato.org/tour stats.html (accessed 25 July 2000). ILOG 1999. CPLEX 6.5. Gentilly, France. Kennedy, A. D. 1995. Antarctic terrestrial ecosystem response to global environmental change. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26: 683–704. Margules, C. R. & R. L. Pressey. 2000. Systematic conservation planning. Nature 405: 243–253. Morowitz, H. J. 1991. Balancing species preservation and economic considerations. Science 253: 752–754. Morrone, J. J. 1998. On Udvardy's Insulantarctica province: a test from the weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Journal of Biogeography 25: 947–955. Patrick, B. 1994. Antipodes Island Lepidopera. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 24: 91–116. Pressey, R. L. & A. O. Nicholls. 1989. Efficiency in conservation evaluation: scoring versus iterative approaches. Biological Conservation 50: 199–218. Pressey, R. L., C. J. Humphries, C. R. Margules, D. Vane-Wright, P. Williams. 1993. Beyond opportunism: key principles for systematic reserve selection. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8: 124–128. Redford, K. H. 1992. The empty forest. BioScience 42: 412–422. Rodrigues, A. S., J. Orestes Cerdeira, K. J. Gaston. 2000. Flexibility, efficiency, and accountability: adapting reserve selection algorithms to more complex conservation problems. Ecography 23: 565–574. Synge, H. 1991. Which oceanic islands merit World Heritage status? World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Terborgh, J. 1999. Requiem for nature. Island Press, Washington, D.C. Turbott, E. G. 1990. The checklist of the birds of New Zealand: Ross Dependency, Antarctica. New Zealand Ordnance Survey, Wellington. Walton, D. W. H. 1986. Conservation of Subantarctic islands. Scientific Committee for Antartica Research and World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland. Weimerskirch, H. & R. P. Wilson. 2000. Oceanic respite for wandering albatrosses. Nature 406: 955–956. Williamson, M. & A. Fitter. 1996. The varying success of invaders. Ecology 77: 1661–1666. Woods, R. W. 1988. Guide to the Birds of the Falkland Islands. Anthony Nelson, Oswestry. Citing Literature Volume15, Issue3June 2001Pages 550-557 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Referência(s)
Altmetric
PlumX