A decision framework for the preservation of transparent papers
2015; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 38; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/19455224.2014.999005
ISSN1945-5232
Autores Tópico(s)Museums and Cultural Heritage
ResumoAbstractBrittleness, discolouration, translucency, and solvent sensitivity are a few of the factors that need consideration when conserving transparent papers. These considerations coupled with the large format and the volume of transparent papers in collections makes effective preservation planning difficult. To address this problem a project was initiated to improve the standard of preservation for transparent papers in The National Archives’ collections. The significant outcomes of this one year project were a framework for preservation decision-making, and complementary tools designed to gather information to support better planning and treatment. The tools include survey questionnaires, a condition rating scale, a colour rating scale, and a database to capture information about the condition and types of transparent papers held by The National Archives.Résumé«Un cadre de décision pour la conservation des papiers transparents»Fragilité, changement de couleur, translucidité et sensibilité aux solvants sont quelques-uns des facteurs qui doivent être pris en considération lors de la conservation des papiers transparents. Ces considérations associées avec celle des grands formats et le volume des papiers transparents dans une collection rendent difficile la mise en œuvre d'une conservation efficace. Pour remédier à ce problème, un projet a été lancé pour améliorer le degré de conservation des papiers transparents dans les collections des Archives nationales. Le résultat significatif de ce projet porté pendant un an est l'élaboration d’un cadre pour la prise de décision quant à la conservation et des outils complémentaires conçus pour recueillir des informations en vue d'améliorer la planification et le traitement. Les outils comprennent des questionnaires d'enquête, une échelle de notation de l'état matériel, une échelle de notation de la couleur et une base de données pour saisir des informations sur l'état et les types de papiers transparents détenus par les Archives nationales.Zusammenfassung„Eine Entscheidungsmatrix für die Erhaltung von Transparentpapieren”Brüchigkeit, Verfärbung, Transparenz und Lösemittelempfindlichkeit sind ein paar der Faktoren, die berücksichtigt werdenmüssen bei der Konservierung/Restaurierung von Transparentpapieren. Diese Faktoren zusammen mit den großen Formaten und der Menge an Transparentpapieren in den Sammlungen machen eine effektive Planung für die Erhaltung schwierig. Um dieses Problem angehen zu können, wurde ein Projekt zur Verbesserung der Erhaltungsstandards der Transparentpapiere in den Beständen der National Archives ins Leben gerufen. Wichtige Ergebnisse dieses einjährigen Projekts sind die Erhaltungs-Entscheidungsmatrix und mit ihr verbundene Werkzeuge, die entwickelt wurden um eine bessere Planung und Behandlung zu unterstützen. Unter anderem enthalten in diesen Werkzeugen sind Zustandserhebungsfragebögen, eine Zustandskategorisierung, eine Farbmessskala und eine Datenbank, um Informationen über den Zustand und die Art von Transparentpapieren in den National Archives festzuhalten.Resumen“Un marco de decisión para la preservación de papeles transparentes”La conservación de papeles transparentes exige tener en cuenta factores como: la fragilidad, decoloración, translucidez y la sensibilidad a los disolventes. Estas consideraciones, junto con el gran formato y el volumen de papeles transparentes en las colecciones, hacen que planificar una preservación efectiva sea complejo. Con el fin de hacer frente a este problema, se inició un proyecto para mejorar el nivel de conservación de papeles transparentes en las colecciones de los Archivos Nacionales. Los significativos resultados de este proyecto de un año se constituyeron en un marco para la toma de decisiones sobre la preservación, y de forma complementaria, en herramientas diseñadas para recopilar información con la que elaborar una mejor planificación y tratamiento. Las herramientas incluyen cuestionarios para peritajes, una escala para calificar la condición de la obra, una escala de clasificación de color, y una base de datos para recoger información sobre las condiciones y tipos de papeles transparentes guardados en los Archivos Nacionales.Keywords: transparent paperstracing papercondition surveypreservation decision frameworkcolour rating scaletreatment/rehousing decision tree AcknowledgementsMany thanks to my colleagues in The National Archives’ Collection Care Department for sharing their extensive knowledge and advice with me throughout this project, in particular the guidance of Nancy Bell and the project team John Abbot, Catt Baum, Hannah Clare, Dinah Eastop, Kostas Ntanos, Michael Prater, and Juergen Vervoorst, who so willingly offered meaningful advice that helped to shape my thinking.Notes1 Jess Ahmon, ‘The Collection Mapping Project: Collating and Mapping Data about Material Types at The National Archives (UK)', Journal of Paper Conservation 13, no. 4 (2012): 15–21.2 Dianne van der Reyden, Christa Hofmann and Mary Baker, ‘Effects of Aging and Solvent Treatments on Some Properties of Contemporary Tracing Papers’, Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 32 (1993): 177–206.3 Lois Olcott Price, ‘From Sketch to Presentation: A Study of Drawing, Tracing and Speciality Papers used by American Architects’, in Looking at Paper: Evidence & Interpretation: Symposium Proceedings, Toronto 1999, ed. J. Slavin, L. Sutherland, J. O'Neill, M. Haupt and J. Cowan (Ottawa: Canadian Conservation Institute, 1999), 82–7.4 Claude Laroque, ‘Transparent Papers: A Technological Outline and Conservation Review’, Reviews in Conservation 2 (2000): 21–31.5 Hildegard Homburger and Barbara Korbel, ‘Architectural Drawings on Transparent Paper: Modifications of Conservation Treatments’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 18 (1999): 25–33.6 Laroque, ‘Transparent Papers', 21–31.7 Laroque, ‘Transparent Papers’, 21–31.8 Laroque, ‘Transparent Papers’, 21–31; Christa Hofmann, Dianne van der Reyden and Mary Baker, ‘The Effect of Three Humidification Flattening and Drying Techniques on the Optical and Mechanical Properties of New and Aged Transparent Papers’, in 3rd Institute of Paper Conservation Conference at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, UK, 1–4 April 1992, ed. S. Fairbrass (London: The Institute of Paper Conservation, 1992), 247–56.9 Price, ‘From Sketch to Presentation’, 82–7.10 Homburger and Korbel, ‘Architectural Drawings on Transparent Paper’, 25–33.11 Homburger and Korbel, ‘Architectural Drawings on Transparent Paper’, 25–33; F. Flieder, B. Guineau, C. Laroque, B. Liebard and P. Richardin, ‘Analysis and Restoration of Old Transparent Papers', in Conference Symposium 88—Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works on Paper, Ottawa, Canada, 3–7 October 1988, ed. H.D. Burgess (Ottawa: Canadian Conservation Institute, 1994), 235–44.12 Flieder et al., ‘Analysis and Restoration of Old Transparent Papers’, 235–44.13 van der Reyden, Hofmann and Baker, ‘Effects of Aging and Solvent Treatments’, 177–206.14 Catherine G. Asher, ‘The Conservation of a Large Collection of Architectural Drawings: The Howard Ship Yards & Dock Company Mss.’, in American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works 9th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 27–31 May 1981 (Washington: American Institute for Conservation, 1981), 20–7; Sally Ann Yates, ‘The Conservation of Nineteenth-Century Tracing Paper’, The Paper Conservator 8 (1984): 20–39; Mary Baker, Dianne van der Reyden and Nancie Ravenel, ‘FTIR Analysis of Coated Papers’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 8 (1989): 1–12; Marina Bicchieri, Paola Brusa and Giovanna Pasquariello, ‘Tracing Paper: Methods of Study and Restoration’, Restaurator 14 (1993): 217–33; Michele E. Hamill, ‘Washingtoniana II: Conservation of Architectural Drawings at the Library of Congress’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 12 (1993): 24–31; Paul Cook and Julia Dennin, ‘Ships Plans on Oil and Resin Impregnated Tracing Paper: A Practical Repair Procedure’, The Paper Conservator 18 (1994): 11–9; Susan Page, ‘Conservation of Nineteenth-Century Tracing Paper: A Quick Practical Approach’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 16 (1997): 67–73; Homburger and Korbel, ‘Architectural Drawings on Transparent Paper’, 25–33; Amy L. 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Lubick, Conservation Treatment of Tracing Paper Survey Results, http://cool.conservation-us.org/byauth/lubick/tracing.html (accessed 15 February 2013); Eva Glück, Irene Brückle and Eva-Maria Barkhofen, eds, Paper Line Light—The Preservation of Architectural Drawings and Photoreproductions from the Hans Scharoun Archive (Berlin: Akademie Der Kunste, 2013).22 Lubick, Conservation Treatment of Tracing Paper Survey Results; Bachmann, ‘The Treatment of Transparent Papers’, 3–14; Laroque, ‘Transparent Papers’, 21–31.23 Hamill, ‘Conservation of Architectural Drawings’, 24–31; Alper, ‘Archives Preservation Update’, 173–8; Verheyen, Davis and Olsen, ‘Storage of Architectural Materials’, 131–6; Cook and Dennin, ‘Ships Plans on Oil and Resin Impregnated Tracing Paper’, 11–9; Page, ‘Conservation of Nineteenth-Century Tracing Paper’, 67–73; Glück, Brückle and Barkhofen, ‘Paper Line Light’; Natasha Shannon Hogan, ‘Conservation of British Domestic Designs on Thin Paper Supports’ (Master's thesis, Camberwell College of Arts, 2010).24 J.K. Sheehan, ‘Making the Most of What We Have: A Framework for Preservation Management in Rare Book Collections’, RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 10, no. 2 (2009): 111–21; C. Costain, Canadian Conservation Institute: Framework for Preservation of Museum Collections, http://www.cci-icc.gc.ca/cci-icc/about-apropos/action/15-eng.aspx (accessed 31 January 2013); N. Pickwoad, ‘Determining How Best to Conserve Books in Special Collections’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 13 (1994): 35–41; Leslie E. Coombs, ‘Removing Mounts from Works of Art on Paper—Case Histories to Illustrate the Decision-Making Process’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 13 (1994): 25–30; C. Dekle and M.E. Haude, ‘Iron-Gall Ink Treatment at the Library of Congress: Old Manuscripts—New Tools’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 27 (2008): 15–26; J. Koerner and K. Potje, ‘Testing and Decision-Making Regarding the Exhibition of Blueprints and Diazotypes at the Canadian Centre for Architecture’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 21 (2002): 15–23; J.L. Biggs, Y.R. Khan, S.R. Albro, C. Dekle, M.E. Haude and C. Karnes, ‘Treatment Trees for Iron-Gall Ink on Paper: Using Flow Charts to Develop Treatment Protocols’, in 5th International Conference of The Institute of Paper Conservation and 1st International Conference of The Institute of Conservation, Book and Paper Group, ed. S. Jaques (2007); S. Albro, J.L. Biggs, C. Dekle, M.E. Haude, C. Karnes and Y. Khan, ‘Developing Guidelines for Iron-Gall Ink Treatment at the Library of Congress’, The Book and Paper Group Annual 27 (2007): 129–65; Irene Brückle, ‘Chapter 14: Aqueous Treatment in Context’, in Paper and Water, ed. Gerhard Banik and Irene Brückle (Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2011); J. Ashley-Smith, Risk Assessment for Object Conservation (Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999); S. Keene, Managing Conservation in Museums (Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996); Chris Caple, Conservation Skills: Judgement, Method and Decision Making (London: Routledge. 2000).Additional informationBiographyHelen Wilson has a Masters in Chemistry (University of Oxford, 2007) and completed an Icon HLF Conservation Science Internship at The Pigmentum Project (now Art Access & Research), London (2007–2008). In 2012 Helen was awarded a PhD (The University of Manchester), made possible by the Science & Heritage Programme AHRC/EPRSC Collaborative Doctoral Award scheme. Her PhD, which researched non-aqueous remedial conservation treatments for iron-tannate dyed textiles, was a collaboration with The British Museum. Following a post-doctoral fellowship at The National Archives, focussing on the preservation of transparent paper (2012–2013), Helen is now Conservator (Research and Development) at The National Archives.
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