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Tigridia estelae (Iridaceae; Tigridieae), a New Species from Durango, Mexico

1994; Missouri Botanical Garden Press; Volume: 4; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2307/3391449

1945-6174

Ana Rosa López‐Ferrari, Adolfo Espejo‐Serna, Ana Rosa López‐Ferrari,

Botanical Research and Applications

Tigridia estelae sp. nov. from Durango, Mexico, is described and illustrated. It belongs to the T. multiflora complex and is closely related to T. matudae, from which it differs in the length of style branches, the position and blotching of the tepals, and in its habitat. The genus Tigridia Jussieu is represented in Mexico by at least 27 species, 21 of which are endemic (Cruden, 1975; Molseed, 1970; Calder6n de Rzedowski, 1987) and restricted to very small areas. More intensive exploration will probably lead to the discovery of undescribed taxa. While collecting for a study of Mexican monocots in the State of Durango, specimens of a Tigridia were gathered, and review of the pertinent literature led us to conclude that it is a new species. Tigridia estelae L6pez-Ferrari & Espejo, sp. nov. TYPE: Mexico. Durango: El Madroiio, carretera El Salto-Mazatlan, 2,350 m, bosque de pino-encino, 29 jul. 1991, A. R. Lopez-Ferrari 1520, with A. Espejo & M. Flores C. (holotype, UAMIZ 32934; isotypes, CIDIIR, ENCB, IBUG, IEB, K, MO). Figures 1, 2. Herba perennis erecta bulbosa, caules usque 40 cm alti, folia basalia 1, linearia, usque ad 35 cm longa et 5 mm lata; folia caulinia 2, linearia, usque ad 18 cm longa et 5 mm lata; spathae valvae subaequales ca. 4.5 cm longae, 1.2-1.4 cm latae, conduplicatae, acutae vel acuminatae; flores plures, erecti, pallide lavendulacei vel liliaci-lavandulacei, 5.5-6.5 cm diametro; tepala conniventia et ad basim cupulam formantia, ad partem crateriformem straminea et violaceo guttata, ad partem mediam purpureo maculata; tepala externa elliptica ubi extensa, acuta, 3.3-4.1 cm longa, 1.5-2 cm lata; tepala interna ovata vel triangula ubi extensa, apiculata, ad basim unguiculata, 2.3-2.5 cm longa, 1.5-1.7 cm lata; glans ad tepalorum partem mediam posita, semicircularis; filamenta connata, ca. 1 cm longa; antherae oblongae, 810 mm longae; styli ramuli 8-9 mm longi, bipartiti, violacei; Julii usque Augustii florescet. Erect bulbous perennial herb to 40 cm tall, glabrous; bulb ovoid to large ovoid, to 4 cm long, 1.32 cm broad, the scales thin, pale brown; basal leaf NOVON 4: 386-390. 1994. one, linear, plicate, to 35 cm long, 5 mm broad, cauline leaves two, linear, plicate, to 18 cm long, 5 mm broad; flowering stem to 35 cm tall; inflorescence a rhipidium with the spathe valves subequal, ca. 4.5 cm long, 1.2-1.4 cm broad, conduplicate, acute to acuminate, enclosing several flowers. Flowers erect, lavender to lilac, 5.5-6.5 cm diam., the tepals connivent at the base forming a shallow cup, spreading distally, the base dull yellow with violet spots, the middle part with a violet blotch, outer tepals elliptic when extended, acute, 3.3-4.1 cm long, 1.5-2 cm broad, inner tepals ovate to deltoid when extended, apiculate, unguiculate at the base, 2.3-2.5 cm long, 1.5-1.7 cm broad, glands disposed at middle part of the inner tepals, semicircular; filaments connate for ca. 1 cm, anthers oblong, 8-10 mm long; ovary oblong, ca. 7 x 2.53 mm, style branches 8-9 mm long, deeply bifid into 2 style arms, violet; young capsules oblong, ca. 1.2 cm long, 3.5 mm broad, mature capsules and seeds not known. Distribution and habitat. This beautiful species is known only from the type locality and occurs on exposed rocky slopes in forests of Quercus and Pinus at about 2,350 m (Fig. 3). Discussion. The new species belongs to Tigridia subg. Hydrotaenia (sensu Molseed, 1970) and to the T. multiflora complex, which includes T. purpusii Molseed, T. multiflora (Baker) Ravenna, T. matudae Molseed, T. illecebrosa Cruden, T. catarinensis Cruden, and T. huajuapanensis Molseed ex Cruden (Cruden, 1975; Molseed, 1970). In these species (except T. huajuapanensis) the inner tepals have a well-developed claw and hastate base. Table 1 presents some comparative characteristics that distinguish the species. The species most closely related to T. estelae is apparently T. matudae, which has style branches one-third to one-half the length of the anthers and the outer tepals apically upturned; in T. estelae the style branches are subequal to the anthers and the tepals are spreading (Fig. 1). Moreover, T. matudae grows in extremely shady, wooded This content downloaded from 157.55.39.112 on Wed, 07 Sep 2016 04:28:49 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 4, Number 4 1994 Lopez-Ferrari & Espejo-Serna Tigridia estelae