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Selective Anesthesia-induced Neuroinflammation in Developing Mouse Brain and Cognitive Impairment

2013; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 118; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/aln.0b013e3182834d77

1528-1175

Xia Shen, Yuanlin Dong, Zhipeng Xu, Hui Wang, Changhong Miao, Sulpicio G. Soriano, Dandan Sun, Mark G. Baxter, Yiying Zhang, Zhongcong Xie,

Anesthesia and Sedative Agents

Background: Recent population studies have suggested that children with multiple exposures to anesthesia and surgery at an early age are at an increased risk of cognitive impairment.The authors therefore have established an animal model with single versus multiple exposures of anesthetic(s) in young versus adult mice, aiming to distinguish the role of different types of anesthesia in cognitive impairment.Methods: Six-and 60-day-old mice were exposed to various anesthesia regimens.The authors then determined the effects of the anesthesia on learning and memory function, levels of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in brain tissues, and the amount of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1-positive cells, the marker of microglia activation, in the hippocampus.Results: In this article, the authors show that anesthesia with 3% sevoflurane for 2 h daily for 3 days induced cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation (e.g., increased interleukin-6 levels, 151 ± 2.3% [mean ± SD] vs. 100 ± 9.0%, P = 0.035, n = 6) in young but not in adult mice.