Provenance and family variation in Sterculia apetala in Colombia
1998; Elsevier BV; Volume: 111; Issue: 2-3 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00316-8
ISSN1872-7042
AutoresW. S. Dvorak, H. Urueña, Leticia Moreno, J. Goforth,
Tópico(s)Plant and soil sciences
ResumoAbstract Three provenances and 23 open-pollinated families of Sterculia apetala (Jacq.) Karst were established in a genetic field test in Zambrano, (Bolivar) northern Colombia (10° N lat.), where average annual rainfall is 920 mm. The provenances were Tiquisate, Guatemala, Cofradia, Honduras, and northern (Atlantico and Bolivar), Colombia. Growth and quality traits were measured over an 8-year period, and leaf initiation and wood specific gravity were assessed at age 10. The average height of S. apetala was 7.6 m at 8 years of age. The local Colombian provenance had 11% better survival, produced 28% more volume, and had better stem straightness than the best Central American provenance. Leaf initiation and leaf fall occurred in the introduced Central American sources earlier than in the local Colombian provenance and their timing appeared partly out of phase with the onset of the wet and dry seasons. Wood specific gravity averaged 0.208 at 10 years of age. The local Colombian source had significantly higher specific gravity than the introduced Central American sources, 0.216 vs. 0.204, respectively. There was a weak positive phenotypic correlation ( r =0.21) between height growth and wood specific gravity. Individual tree heritability for growth traits and quality traits ranged between 0.10 and 0.23. Individual tree heritability for leaf initiation was 0.05 and for specific gravity 0.44. Conservation and breeding efforts for S. apetala will continue to be minimal until new markets develop to utilize wood with low density.
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