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Cytochrome <i>b</i> polymorphisms and population structure of two species of <i>Alouatta</i> (Primates)

2004; Karger Publishers; Volume: 108; Issue: 1-3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1159/000080808

1424-8581

Fabrícia F. Nascimento, Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino, F.C.D. da Silva, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, Héctor N. Seuánez,

Evolution and Paleontology Studies

We carried out a phylogenetic and population study in <i>Alouatta caraya</i> and <i>Alouatta belzebul</i> based on cytochrome <i>b</i> DNA sequence data. Maximum Parsimony and Median-Joining analyses grouped <i>A. caraya</i> from different localities showing a population structure in accordance with geographic distribution. The relation between <i>A. caraya</i> haplotypes could be explained with respect to the species range in the Cerrado, one of the most ancient morphoclimatic domains of South America, and the Chaco. Conversely, <i>A. belzebul</i> from the Amazonas and Atlantic forests grouped in a paraphyletic arrangement without an evident geographic pattern. Recent geologic events resulting in the separation of <i>A. belzebul</i> might explain why these geographically distant groups shared similar haplotypes and why ancestral polymorphisms might have been maintained in this species. Time of divergence estimates indicated that the splitting of the <i>Alouatta</i> lineage leading to <i>A. caraya</i> occurred some 4.58 MYA while the lineage leading to <i>A. belzebul</i> emerged 4.14 MYA.