Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Photobiology and Ecophysiology of Rice Field Cyanobacteria

1996; Wiley; Volume: 64; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb01852.x

ISSN

1751-1097

Autores

Rajeshwar P. Sinha, Donat‐P. Häder,

Tópico(s)

Algal biology and biofuel production

Resumo

Photochemistry and PhotobiologyVolume 64, Issue 6 p. 887-896 Free Access Photobiology and Ecophysiology of Rice Field Cyanobacteria Rajeshwar P. Sinha, Rajeshwar P. Sinha lnstitut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen, Germany School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaSearch for more papers by this authorDonat-P. Häder, Corresponding Author Donat-P. Häder lnstitut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen, Germany*Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany. Fax: 49 9131 858215; e-mail: dphaeder@biologie.uni-erlangen.de.Search for more papers by this author Rajeshwar P. Sinha, Rajeshwar P. Sinha lnstitut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen, Germany School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaSearch for more papers by this authorDonat-P. Häder, Corresponding Author Donat-P. Häder lnstitut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat, Erlangen, Germany*Institut für Botanik und Pharmazeutische Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Staudtstr. 5, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany. Fax: 49 9131 858215; e-mail: dphaeder@biologie.uni-erlangen.de.Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb01852.xCitations: 82AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References 1 Stewart, W. D. P. (1980) Some aspects of structure and function in N2-fixing cyanobacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 34, 497– 536. 2 Stewart, W. N. (1983) Paleobotany and the Evolution of Plants, pp. 28– 35. Cambridge University Press, New York . 3 Walter, M. R., J. Bauld, D. J. Des Marais and J. W. Schopf (1992) A general comparison of microbial mats and microbial stromatolites bridging the gap between the modern and the fossil. In The Proterozoic Biosphere (Edited by J. W. Schopf, and C. Klein), pp. 335– 338. University Press, Cambridge . 4 Fay, P. (1992) Oxygen relations of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Microbiol. Rev. 56, 340– 373. 5 Tandeau de Marsac, N. and J. Houmard (1993) Adaptation of cyanobacteria to environmental stimuli: new steps towards molecular mechanisms. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 104, 119– 190. 6 Stanier, R. Y. and G. Cohen-Bazire (1977) Phototrophic pro-karyotes: the cyanobacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 31, 225– 274. 7 Davey, M. C. (1989) The effect of freezing and desiccation on photosynthesis and survival of terrestrial algae and cyanobacteria. Polar Biol. 10, 29– 36. 8 Castenholz, R. W. (1969) Thermophilic blue-green algae and the thermal environment. Bacterial. Rev. 33, 476– 504. 9 Spiller, H., C. Latorre, M. E. Hassan and K. T. Shanmugam (1986) Isolation and characterization of nitrogenase-derepressed mutant strains of cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. J. Bacteriol., 165, 412– 419. 10 Häder, D.-P., R. C. Worrest and H. D. Kumar (1989) Aquatic ecosystems, pp. 39– 48. UNEP Environmental Effects Panel Report, Nairobi , Kenya . 11 Parker, B. C., L. E. Heiskell and W. J. Thompson (1978) Non-biogenic fixed nitrogen in Antarctica and some ecological implications. Nature 271, 651– 652. 12 Collos, Y., G. Döhler and I. Biermann (1992) Production of dissolved organic nitrogen during uptake by Synedra planktonica: implications for estimates of new production in the oceans. J. Plankton Res. 14, 1025– 1029. 13 Singh, R. N. (1961) Role of blue-green algae in nitrogen economy of Indian agriculture, pp. 61– 82. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi , India . 14 Venkataraman, G. S. (1972) Algal Biofertilizers and Rice Cultivation, p. 75. Today and Tomorrows Printers and Publishers, New Delhi , India . 15 Kumar, A. and H. D. Kumar (1988) Nitrogen-fixation by blue-green algae. In Proceedings of the Plant Physiological Research (Edited by S. P. Sen.), pp. 85– 103. Society for Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 1st International Congress of Plant Physiology, New Delhi, India. 16 Sinha, R. P. and A. Kumar (1992) Screening of blue-green algae for biofertilizer. In Proceedings of the National Seminar on Organic Farming (Edited by P. S. Patil.), pp. 95– 97. Pune, India . 17 De, P. K. (1939) The role of blue-green algae in nitrogen fixation in rice fields. Proc. R. Soc. Land. 127, 121– 139. 18 Kannaiyan, S., K. Govindarajan, H. D. Lewin and G. S. Venkataraman (1982) Influence of blue-green algal application on rice crop. Madras Agric. J. 69, 1– 5. 19 Mian, M. H. and W. D. P. Stewart (1985) Fate of nitrogen applied as Azolla and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) in waterlogged rice soils–a 15N tracer study. Plant Soil 83, 363– 370. 20 Watanabe, I. (1987) Summary report of the Azolla programme of the international network in soil-fertility and fertilizer evaluation for rice. In Azolla Utilization. Proceedings of the Workshop on Azolla Use, pp. 197– 205. International Rice Research Institute, Manila , Philippines . 21 Martinez, M. R. (1984) Algae: biofertilizer for rice. Philipp. Counc. Agric. Res. Resour. Dev. (PCARRD) Monit. 12, 9– 12. 22 Kuhlbusch, T. A., J. M. Lobert, P. J. Crutzen and P. Warneck (1991) Molecular nitrogen emission. Trace nullification during biomass burning. Nature 351, 135– 137. 23 Watanabe, I. and S. Brotonegoro (1981) Paddy fields. In Nitrogen Fixation (Edited by W. J. Broughton.), pp. 241– 263. Oxford University Press, New York . 24 Venkataraman, G. S. (1981) All India co-ordinated project on algae. Annual report (1980–81). Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. 25 Desikachary, T. V. (1959) Cyanophyta. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India. 26 Pandey, D. C. (1965) A study on the algae from paddy field soils of Ballia and Ghazipur districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. II (A): taxonomic considerations–Cyanophyceae. Nova Hed-wigia 10, 177– 209. 27 Gupta, A. B. (1966) Algal flora and its importance in the economy of rice-fields. Hydrobiologia 28, 213– 222. 28 Tiwari, G. L. (1972) A study of the blue-green algae from paddy field soils of India. Hydrobiologia 39, 335– 350. 29 Stewart, W. D. P., P. Rowell, J. K. Ladha and M. J. A. M. Sampaio (1979) Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)–some aspects related to their role as sources of fixed nitrogen in paddy soils. In Proceedings of Nitrogen and Rice Symposium, pp. 263– 283. International Rice Research Institute, Manila , Philippines . 30 Roger, P. A. and S. A. Kulasooriya (1980) Blue-green algae and rice. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, La-guna, Philippines. 31 Al-Mousawi, A. H. and B. A. Whitton (1983) Influence of environmental factors on algae in rice-field soils from the Iraqi marshes. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 1, 237– 253. 32 Venkataraman, G. S. (1975) In Nitrogen Fixation by Free-Living Microorganisms (Edited by W. D. P. Stewart), pp. 207– 218. Cambridge University Press, London . 33 Banerjee, M. and H. D. Kumar (1992) Nitrogen fixation by Aulosira fertilissima in rice fields. Naturalia 17, 51– 58. 34 Sinha, R. P. (1995) Impacts of UV-B stress on N2-fixing cyanobacteria. Ph.D. thesis, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. 35 Potts, M., J. J. Olie, J. S. Nickels, J. Parsons and D. C. White (1987) Variation in phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids and carotenoids of desiccated Nostoc commune (cyanobacteria) from different geographic locations. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53, 4– 9. 36 Biidel, B. and D. C. J. Wessels (1991) Rock inhabiting blue-green algae/cyanobacteria from hot arid regions. Algol. Stud. 64, 385– 398. 37 Lange, O. L., G. J. Kidron, B. Biidel, A. Meyer, E. Kalian and A. Abeliovich (1992) Taxonomic composition and photosyn-thetic characteristics of the 'biological soil crusts' covering sands dunes in the western Negev Desert. Fund. Ecol. 6, 519– 527. 38 Johansen, J. R. (1993) Cryptogamic crusts of semiarid and arid lands of North America. J. Phycol. 29, 140– 147. 39 Whitton, B. A. (1992) Diversity, ecology and taxonomy of the cyanobacteria. In Photosynthetic Prokaryotes (Edited by N. H. Mann, and N. G. Carr), pp. 1– 51. Plenum Press, New York . 40 Greenwood, J. R. and J. F. Steenbergen (1976) A unique thermal aquatic environment: a microbial characterization. Hydrobiologia 51, 265– 273. 41 Allnutt, F. C. T., B. C. Parker, K. G. Seaburg and G. M. Simmons, Jr. (1981) In situ nitrogen (C2H2) fixation in lakes of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Hydrobiol. Bull. 15, 99– 109. 42 Vincent, W. F. (1988) Microbial Ecosystems of Antarctica, p. 304. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge . 43 Reuter, J. E., S. L. Loeb and C. R. Goldman (1983) Nitrogen fixation in periphyton of oligotrophic Lake Tahoe. In Periphyton of Freshwater Ecosystems (Edited by R. G. Wetzel.), pp. 101– 109. Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague . 44 Stal, L. J. (1995) Physiological ecology of cyanobacteria in microbial mats and other communities. New Phytol. 131, 1– 32. 45 Kirst, G. O. and C. Wiencke (1995) Ecophysiology of polar algae. J. Phycol. 31, 181– 199. 46 Dodds, W. K., D. A. Gudder and D. Mollenhauer (1995) The ecology of Nostoc. J. Phycol., 31, 2– 18. 47 Rai, A. N. (1990) Cyanobacteria in symbiosis. In Handbook of Symbiotic Cyanobacteria (Edited by A. N. Rai.), pp. 1– 7. CRC Press, Boca Raton , FL . 48 Rai, A. N., P. Rowell and W. D. P. Stewart (1983) Interactions between cyanobacteria and fungus during 15N2-incorporation and metabolism in the lichen Peltigera canina. Arch. Microbiol., 134, 136– 142. 49 Duckett, J. G., A. K. S. K. Prasad, D. A. Davies and S. Walker (1977) A cytological analysis of the Mwfoc-bryophyte relationship. New Phytol. 79, 349– 362. 50 Dalton, D. A. and J. M. Chatfield (1985) A nitrogen-fixing cyanophyte-hepatic association: Nostoc and Porella. Am. J. Bot., 72, 781– 784. 51 Meeks, J. C., C. S. Enderlin, C. M. Joseph, J. S. Chapman and M. W. L. Lollar (1985) Fixation of [13N]N2 and transfer of fixed nitrogen in the Anthoceros-Nostoc symbiotic association. Planta 164, 406– 414. 52 Henriksson, E., L. E. Henriksson, J. O. Norrman and P. O. Nyman (1987) Biological nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) exhibited by blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) in association with mosses gathered on Surtsey, Iceland. Arct. Alp. Res. 19, 432– 436. 53 Singh, A. L. and P. K. Singh (1987) Comparative study on Azolla and blue-green algae dual culture with rice. Isr. J. Bot. 36, 53– 61. 54 Peters, G. A. (1991) Azolla and other plant-cyanobacteria sym-bioses: aspects of form and function. Plant Soil 137, 25– 36. 55 Lindblad, P., C. A. Atkins and J. S. Pate (1991) N2-fixation by freshly isolated Nostoc from coralloid roots of the cycad Mac-rozamia riedlei (Fisch. ex Gaud.) Gardn. Plant Physiol. 95, 753– 759. 56 Bergman, B., C. Johansson and E. Söderbäck (1992) The Nostoc-Gunnera symbiosis. New Phytol. 122, 379– 400. 57 Duong, T. P. and J. M. Tiedje (1985) Nitrogen fixation by naturally occurring duckweed-cyanobacterial associations. Can. J. Microbiol. 31, 327– 330. 58 Gantar, M, N. W. Kerby and P. Rowell (1991) Colonization of wheat (Triticum vulgare L.) by N2-fixing cyanobacteria: II. An ultrastructural study. New Phytol. 118, 485– 492. 59 Walsby, A. E. (1985) The permeability of heterocysts to the gases nitrogen and oxygen. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 226, 345– 366. 60 Bradly, S. and N. G. Carr (1976) Heterocysts nitrogenase development in Anabaena cylindrica. J. Gen. Microbiol., 96, 175– 184. 61 Haselkorn, R. (1978) Heterocysts. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 29, 319– 344. 62 Haselkorn, R. (1992) Developmentally regulated gene rearrangements in prokaryotes. Annu. Rev. Genet. 26, 111– 128. 63 Wolk, C. P., A. Earnst and J. Elhai (1994) Heterocyst metabolism and development. In The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria (Edited by D. A. Bryant.), pp. 769– 823. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht . 64 Schrautemeier, B. and H. Bohme (1985) A distinct ferredoxin for nitrogen fixation isolated from heterocysts of the cyano-bacterium Anabaena variabilis. FEBS Lett., 184, 304– 308. 65 McFadden, B. A. (1973) Autotrophic CO2 assimilation and the evolution of ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. Bacteriol. Rev. 37, 289– 319. 66 Okabe, K., G. A. Codd and W. D. P. Stewart (1979) Hydrox-ylamine stimulates carboxylase activity and inhibits oxygenase activity of cyanobacterial RuBP carboxylase/oxygenase. Nature 279, 525– 527. 67 Codd, G. A., K. Okabe and W. D. P. Stewart (1980) Cellular compartmentation of photosynthetic photorespiratory enzymes in the heterocystous cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica. Arch. Microbiol., 124, 149– 154. 68 Fogg, G. E., W. D. P. Stewart, P. Fay and A. E. Walsby (1973) The Blue-Green Algae, p. 459. Academic Press, London . 69 Bothe, H. (1982) Nitrogen fixation. In The Biology of Cyanobacteria (Edited by N. G. Carr, and B. A. Whitton), pp. 87– 104. Botanical Monographs, University of California Press. 70 Hallenbeck, P. C. (1987) Molecular aspects of nitrogen fixation in photosynthetic prokaryotes. CRC Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 14, 1– 48. 71 Haselkorn, R., J. W. Golden, P. J. Lammers and M. E. Mulligan (1987) Rearrangement of nif genes during cyanobacterial heterocyst differentiation. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. 317, 173– 181. 72 Georgiadis, M. M., H. Komiya, P. Chakrabarti, D. Woo, J. J. Kornuc and D. C. Rees (1992) Crystallographic structure of the nitrogenase iron protein from Azotobacter vinelandii. Science, 257, 1653– 1659. 73 Kim, J. and D. C. Rees (1992) Structural models for the metal centers in the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein. Science 257, 1677– 1682. 74 Kim, J. and D. C. Rees (1992) Crystallographic structure and functional implications of the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein from Azotobacter vinelandii. Nature, 360, 553– 560. 75 Kurtiz, T., A. Ernst, T. A. Black and C. P. Wolk (1993) High-resolution mapping of genetic loci of Anabaena PCC 7120 required for photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. Mol. Microbiol. 8, 101– 110. 76 Thiel, T. (1993) Characterization of genes for an alternative nitrogenase in the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis. J. Bacteriol., 175, 6276– 6286. 77 Griffiths, M. S. H., J. R. Gallon and A. E. Chaplin (1987) The diurnal pattern of dinitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria in situ. New Phytol., 107, 649– 657. 78 Stal, L. J. and W. E. Krumbein (1985) Isolation and characterization of cyanobacteria from a marine microbial mat. Bot. Mar. 28, 351– 365. 79 Mullineaux, P. M., G. R. Gallon and A. E. Chaplin (1981) Acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) by cyanobacteria grown under alternating light-dark cycles. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 10, 245– 247. 80 Vanderhoef, L. N., P. J. Leibson, R. J. Musil, C.-Y. Huang, R. E. Fiehweg, J. W. Williams, D. L. Wackwitz and K. T. Mason (1975) Diurnal variation in algal acetylene reduction (nitrogen fixation) in situ. Plant Physiol. 55, 273– 276. 81 Storch, T. A., G. W. Saunders and M. L. Ostrofsky (1990) Diel nitrogen fixation by cyanobacterial surface blooms in Sanctuary Lake, Pennsylvania. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56, 466– 471. 82 Gallon, J. R., M. A. Hashem and A. E. Chaplin (1991) Nitrogen fixation by Oscillatoria spp. under autotrophic and pho-toheterotrophic conditions. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137, 31– 39. 83 Khamees, H. S., J. R. Gallon and A. E. Chaplin (1987) The pattern of acetylene reduction by cyanobacteria grown under alternating light and darkness. Br. Phycol. J. 22, 55– 60. 84 Maryan, P. S., R. R. Eady, A. E. Chaplin and J. R. Gallon (1986) Nitrogen fixation by Gloeothece sp. PCC 6090: respiration and not photosynthesis supports nitrogenase activity in the light. J. Gen. Microbiol. 132, 789– 796. 85 Saino, T. and A. Hattori (1978) Diel variation in nitrogen fixation by a marine blue-green alga, Trichodesmium thiebautii. Deep-Sea Res., 25, 1259– 1263. 86 Janson, S., E. J. Carpenter and B. Bergman (1994) Compart-mentalisation of nitrogenase in a non-heterocystous cyanobacterium: Trichodesmium contortum. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 118, 9– 14. 87 Stewart, W. D. P. and P. Rowell (1977) Modifications of nitrogen-fixing algae in symbiosis. Nature 265, 371– 372. 88 Stewart, W. D. P. and P. Rowell (1975) Effects of L-methio-nine-DL-sulphoximine on the assimilation of newly fixed NH3, acetylene reduction and heterocyst production in Anabaena cylindrica. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 65, 846– 857. 89 Ladha, J. K., P. Rowell and W. D. P. Stewart (1978) Effects of 5-hydroxylysine on acetylene reduction and NH4+ assimilation in the cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 83, 688– 696. 90 Lea, P. J., K. W. Joy, J. L. Ramos and M. G. Guerrero (1984) The action of 2-amino-4-(methylphosphinyl)-butanoic acid (phosphinothricin) and its 2-oxo-derivative on the metabolism of cyanobacteria and higher plants. Phytochemistry 23, 1– 6. 91 Musgrave, S. C., N. W. Kerby, G. A. Codd and W. D. P. Stewart (1982) Sustained ammonia production by immobilized filaments of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena 27893. Biotechnol. Lett. 4, 647– 652. 92 Sinha, R. P. and D.-P. Häder (1996) Response of a rice field cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. to physiological stressors. Environ. Exp. Bot. 36, 147– 155. 93 Subramanian, G. and S. Shanmugasundaram (1986) Uninduced ammonia release by the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena. FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 37, 151– 154. 94 Singh, H. N., R. K. Singh and R. Sharma (1983) An L-me-thionine-D, L-sulphoximine-resistant mutant of the cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum showing inhibitor-resistant -y-glutamyl-transferase, defective glutamine synthetase and producing extracellular ammonia during N2 fixation. FEBS Lett. 154, 10– 13. 95 Kerby, N. W., S. C. Musgrave, P. Rowell, S. V. Shestakov and W. D. P. Stewart (1986) Photoproduction of ammonia by immobilised mutant strains of Anabaena variabilis. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 24, 42– 46. 96 Venkataraman, G. S. and H. K. Saxena (1963) Studies on nitrogen fixation by blue-green algae. 4. Liberation of free amino acids in the medium. Ind. J. Agric. Sci. 3, 21– 24. 97 Pattnaik, H. (1966) Studies on nitrogen fixation by Westiellopsis prolifera Janet. Ann. Bot. 30, 231– 238. 98 Venkataraman, L. V. (1986) Blue-green algae as biofertilizers. In CRC Handbook of Microalgal Mass Culture (Edited by A. Richmond), pp. 455– 471. CRC Press, Boca Raton , FL . 99 Kerby, N. W., P. Rowell and W. D. P. Stewart (1989) The transport, assimilation and production of nitrogenous compounds by cyanobacteria anad microalgae. In Algal and Cy-anobacterial Biotechnology (Edited by R. C. Cresswell, T. A. V. Rees and N. Shah), pp. 50– 90. London Scientific and Technical, England . 100 Ladha, J. K., A. T. Padre, G. C. Punzalan and I. Watanabe (1987) Nitrogen-fixing (C2H2-reducing) activity and plant growth characters of 16 wetland rice varieties. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 33, 187– 200. 101 Venkataraman, G. S. (1979) Algal inoculation in rice fields. In Proceedings of Nitrogen and Rice Symposium, pp. 311– 321. International Rice Research Institute, Manilla , Philippines . 102 Singh, A. L. and P. K. Singh (1986) Comparative effects of Azolla and blue-green algae in combination with chemical N fertilizer on rice crop. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 96, 147– 152. 103 Lumpkin, T. A. and D. L. Plucknett (1982) Azolla as a Green Manure. Use and Management in Crop Production. Westview Press, Bowker Publishing Company, Epping , Essex . 104 Häder, D.-P. (1987) Photomovement. In The Cyanobacteria (Edited by P. Fay and C. Baalen), pp. 325– 345. Elsevier, Amsterdam . 105 Häder, D.-P. (1987) Photosensory behavior in procaryotes. Microbiol. Rev. 51, 1– 21. 106 Donkor, V. and D.-P. Häder (1991) Effects of solar and ultraviolet radiation on motility, photomovement and pigmentation in filamentous, gliding cyanobacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 86, 159– 168. 107 Donkor, V., D. H. A. K. Amewowor and D.-P. Häder (1993) Effects of tropical solar radiation on the motility of filamentous cyanobacteria. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 12, 143– 148. 108 Sinha, R. P., H. D. Kumar, A. Kumar and D.-P. Häder (1995) Effects of UV-B irradiation on growth, survival, pigmentation and nitrogen metabolism enzymes in cyanobacteria. Acta Protozoal. 34, 187– 192. 109 Newton, J. W., D. D. Tyler and M. E. Slodki (1979) Effect of ultraviolet-B (280–320) radiation on blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), possible biological indicators of stratospheric ozone depletion. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 37, 1137– 1141. 110 Vincent, W. F. and S. Roy (1993) Solar ultraviolet-B radiation and aquatic primary production: damage, protection, and recovery. Environ. Rev. 1, 1– 12. 111 Sinha, R. P., N. Singh, A. Kumar, H. D. Kumar and D.-P. Häder (1996) Impacts of ultraviolet-B irradiation on nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria of rice paddy fields. J. Plant Physiol. 32, 107– 113. 112 Sinha, R. P., M. Lebert, A. Kumar, H. D. Kumar and D.-P. Häder (1995) Disintegration of phycobilisomes in a rice field cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. following UV irradiation. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 37, 697– 706. 113 Häder, D.-P. and R. C. Worrest (1991) Effects of enhanced solar-ultraviolet radiation on aquatic ecosystems. Photochem. Photobiol. 53, 717– 725. 114 Sinha, R. P., M. Lebert, A. Kumar, H. D. Kumar and D.-P. Häder (1995) Spectroscopic and biochemical analyses of UV effects on phycobiliproteins of Anabaena sp. and Nostoc carmium. Bot. Acta, 180, 87– 92. 115 Grossman, A. R., M. R. Schaefer, G. G. Chiang and J. L. Collier (1993) Phycobilisome, a light harvesting complex responsive to environmental conditions. Microbiol. Rev. 57, 725– 749. 116 Sinha, R. P., N. Singh, A. Kumar, H. D. Kumar, M. Häder and D.-P. Häder (1996) Effects of UV irradiation on certain physiological and biochemical processes in cyanobacteria. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. 32, 107– 114. 117 Blakefield, M. K. and D. O. Harris (1994) Delay of cell differentiation in Anabaena aequalis caused by UV-B radiation and the role of photoreactivation and excision repair. Photochem. Photobiol. 59, 204– 208. 118 Kumar, A., R. P. Sinha and D.-P. Häder (1996) Effect of UV-B on enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in the cyanobacterium Nostoc calcicola. J. Plant Physiol., 148, 86– 91. 119 Peterson, R. B., E. E. Friberg and R. H. Burris (1979) Diurnal variation in N2 fixation and photosynthesis by aquatic blue-green algae. Plant Physiol. 59, 74– 80. 120 Wilson, M. I., S. Ghosh, K. E. Gerhardt, N. Holland, T. S. Babu, M. Edelman, E. B. Dumbroff and B. M. Greenberg (1995) In vivo photomodification of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase holoenzyme by ultraviolet-B radiation. Plant Physiol. 109, 221– 229. 121 Dohler, G., I. Biermann and J. Zink (1986) Impacts of UV-B radiation on photosynthetic assimilation of 14C-bicarbonate and inorganic N-compounds by cyanobacteria. Z. Naturforsch. 41, 426– 432. 122 Renger, G., M. Volker, H. J. Eckert, R. Fromme, S. Hohm-Veit and P. Graber (1989) On the mechanism of photosystem II deterioration by UV-B radiation. Photochem. Photobiol. 49, 97– 105. 123 Tandeau de Marsac, N. (1977) Occurrence and nature of chromatic adaptation in cyanobacteria. J. Bacteriol. 130, 82– 91. 124 Castenholz, R. W., B. B. Jorgensen, E. D. D'Amelio and J. Bauld (1991) Photosynthetic and behavioral versatility of the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria boryana in a sulfide-rich microbial mat. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 86, 43– 58. 125 Reynolds, C. S., R. L. Oliver and A. E. Walsby (1987) Cy-anobacterial dominance: the role of buoyancy regulation in dynamic lake environments. N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 21, 379– 390. 126 Garcia-Pichel, F. and R. W. Castenholz (1991) Characterization and biological implications of scytonemin, a cyanobacte-rial sheath pigment. J. Phycol. 27, 395– 409. 127 Garcia-Pichel, F., N. D. Sherry and R. W. Castenholz (1992) Evidence for a UV sunscreen role of the extracellular pigment scytonemin in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis sp. Photochem. Photobiol. 56, 17– 23. 128 Garcia-Pichel, F., C. E. Wingard and R. W. Castenholz (1993) Evidence regarding the UV sunscreen role of a mycosporin-like compounds in the cyanobacterium Gloeocapsa sp. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59, 170– 176. 129 Scherer, S., T. W. Chen and P. Böger (1988) A new UV-A/B protecting pigment in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. Plant Physiol., 88, 1055– 1057. 130 de Chazal, N. M. and G. D. Smith (1994) Characterization of a brown Nostoc sp. from Java that is resistant to high light intensity and UV. Microbiology 140, 3183– 3189. 131 Werner, D. (1992) Cyanobacterial symbioses (except lichen). In Symbiosis of Plants and Microbes (Edited by D. Werner), pp. 220– 247. Chapman and Hall, London . 132 Whitton, B. A. (1987) Survival and dormancy of blue-green algae. In Survival and Dormancy of Microorganisms (Edited by Y. Henis), pp. 109– 167. John Wiley and Sons, New York . Citing Literature Volume64, Issue6December 1996Pages 887-896 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Referência(s)
Altmetric
PlumX