Konrad Lorenz, 1903–1989
2004; American Psychiatric Association; Volume: 161; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Alemão
10.1176/ajp.161.10.1767
ISSN1535-7228
Autores Tópico(s)Cybernetics and Technology in Society
ResumoBack to table of contents Previous article Next article Images in PsychiatryFull AccessKonrad Lorenz, 1903–1989Francine M. Benes, M.D., Ph.D.Francine M. Benes, M.D., Ph.D.Published Online:22 Dec 2014https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.161.10.1767AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Konrad Lorenz, an Austrian zoologist, was among the first to describe attachment behaviors of geese soon after hatching. In his classic experiment, Lorenz divided eggs laid by a greylag gooseinto two groups. One of the groups was hatched by their mother and immediately began following her around. The second group was hatched in an incubator, but in the absence of their mother, they began instead to follow Lorenz. Even if Lorenz placed the goslings in a box so that both groups were separated from their mother or himself, they would reliably segregate toward their mother or toward Lorenz, according to whom they were first exposed. Although he was the first to name this phenomenon "imprinting," earlier scientists had made similar observations. Later investigators would determine that imprinting in ducks, geese, and other species of birds occurs between 12 and 17 hours after hatching, which led to the notion that there are "critical periods" in the development of the brain and behavior (1). Overall, Konrad Lorenz's experiments pointed the way toward our understanding that early experience helps to shape social behavior in adulthood.Address reprint requests to Dr. Benes, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178. Photo: Nina Leen/Time Life Pictures/Getty Images. Konrad LorenzReference1. Hess EH: "Imprinting" in animals (1958), in Psychobiology: The Biological Basis of Behavior. Edited by McGaugh JL, Weinberg NM, Whalen RE. San Francisco, WH Freeman, 1967, pp 107–112Google Scholar FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByImprinting of the immune system by the microbiota early in life27 January 2020 | Mucosal Immunology, Vol. 13, No. 2Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, Vol. 23, No. 4Drs. Zanarini and Frankenburg ReplyMARY C. ZANARINI, Ed.D., and FRANCES R. FRANKENBURG, M.D., 1 September 2005 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 162, No. 9Which Image for Lorenz?LEON EISENBERG, M.D., 1 September 2005 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 162, No. 9Dr. Benes RepliesFRANCINE M. BENES, M.D., Ph.D., 1 September 2005 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 162, No. 9Behavioral Effects of Childhood MalnutritionJANINA R. GALLER, M.D., DEBORAH WABER, Ph.D., ROBERT HARRISON, Ph.D., , and FRANK RAMSEY, F.R.C.P., M.P.H., 1 September 2005 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 162, No. 9 Volume 161Issue 10 October 2004Pages 1767-1767 Metrics PDF download History Published online 22 December 2014 Published in print 1 October 2004
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