Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Effects of extreme spring temperatures on urban phenology and pollen production: a case study in Munich and Ingolstadt

2011; Inter-Research Science Center; Volume: 49; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3354/cr01022

1616-1572

SC Jochner, Isabelle Beck, Heidrun Behrendt, Claudia Traidl‐Hoffmann, Annette Menzel,

Horticultural and Viticultural Research

CR Climate Research Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials CR 49:101-112 (2011) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01022 Effects of extreme spring temperatures on urban phenology and pollen production: a case study in Munich and Ingolstadt Susanne C. Jochner1,*, Isabelle Beck2, Heidrun Behrendt2, Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann², Annette Menzel1 1Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Ecoclimatology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany2ZAUM Center for Allergy and Environment, Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Biederstein Str. 29, 80802 Munich, Germany *Email: jochner@wzw.tum.de ABSTRACT: Extreme temperatures have a notable effect on phenology, much greater than expected from the general rule that low temperatures lead to a later—and high temperatures to an earlier—onset of phenological phases. The latter phenomenon can be seen when comparing urban areas with their rural surroundings: plants flower earlier in cities due to the urban heat island effect that contributes to higher temperatures. We investigated the effects of extreme temperatures on differences between urban and rural phenology and on human health (considering allergenic plants) in 2009 using phenological observations of flowering and leaf unfolding of birch Betula pendula Roth and flowering of horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. in the cities of Munich and Ingolstadt, Germany. Temperatures recorded in Munich during April 2009 were the second highest since records began in 1955 and led to rapid plant development whereas differences between urban and rural phenology were diminished. Laboratory examination of birch pollen grains revealed that the amount per catkin did not differ significantly between the city of Munich and the surrounding countryside. Long-term observations (1951/1955 to 2008, German Meteorological ­Service) were used to study the differences in flowering onset times between Munich and its surroundings. We found that weather conditions lasting only a few days can influence phenological behaviour, especially at the micro- and mesoscale. High temperatures, mainly extreme warm spells, were more likely to result in simultaneous flowering in urban and rural environments; low temperatures resulted in a longer delay in phenological onset times for flowering in Munich. KEY WORDS: Phenology · Extreme events · Urban heat island · Pollen amount · Allergy · Betula pendula · Temperature sums · Germany Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Jochner SC, Beck I, Behrendt H, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Menzel A (2011) Effects of extreme spring temperatures on urban phenology and pollen production: a case study in Munich and Ingolstadt. 49:101-112. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr01022Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in CR Vol. 49, No. 2. Online publication date: October 13, 2011 Print ISSN: 0936-577X; Online ISSN: 1616-1572 Copyright © 2011 Inter-Research.