Fire, storms, and erosional events in the Idaho batholith
2001; Wiley; Volume: 15; Issue: 15 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1002/hyp.389
ISSN1099-1085
AutoresGrant A. Meyer, J. L. Pierce, Spencer H. Wood, A. J. T. Jull,
Tópico(s)Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
ResumoHydrological ProcessesVolume 15, Issue 15 p. 3025-3038 Research Article Fire, storms, and erosional events in the Idaho batholith G. A. Meyer, Corresponding Author G. A. Meyer [email protected] Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USADepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA===Search for more papers by this authorJ. L. Pierce, J. L. Pierce Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USASearch for more papers by this authorS. H. Wood, S. H. Wood Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USASearch for more papers by this authorA. J. T. Jull, A. J. T. Jull National Science Foundation–Arizona Accelerator Facility for Isotope Dating, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASearch for more papers by this author G. A. Meyer, Corresponding Author G. A. Meyer [email protected] Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USADepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA===Search for more papers by this authorJ. L. Pierce, J. L. Pierce Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USASearch for more papers by this authorS. H. Wood, S. H. Wood Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USASearch for more papers by this authorA. J. T. Jull, A. J. T. Jull National Science Foundation–Arizona Accelerator Facility for Isotope Dating, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASearch for more papers by this author First published: 25 October 2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.389Citations: 149AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract In late December 1996, the South Fork Payette River basin in west-central Idaho experienced a prolonged storm that culminated on January 1, 1997, with intense rain on melting snow that triggered slide failures, producing debris flows and sediment-charged floods. Failures occurred in saturated, cohesionless, grussy colluvium derived from weathered Idaho batholith granitic rocks. Many failures along the South Fork Payette River originated in ponderosa pine forests burned in the 1989 stand-replacing Lowman fire. An example is the 0·49 km2 ‘Jughead’ Creek basin, where a single large colluvial failure produced almost 40% of the total volume eroded from the basin and generated a massive and rapid debris flow. Failures also occurred in steep, unburned, and unforested drainages such as Hopkins Creek. In this south-facing 0·58 km2 basin, 15 colluvial hollows failed, but no single failure produced more than 10% of the total eroded volume. Sediment transport in Hopkins Creek occurred by prolonged sediment-charged sheetflooding. Despite vegetation differences, sediment yields from the geomorphically similar Hopkins Creek (∼42 000 Mg km−2) and Jughead Creek (∼44 000 Mg km−2) basins were quite similar. These 1997 erosion events are equivalent to several thousand years of sediment yield at low rates (2·7–30 Mg km2 year−1) measured by short-term sediment trapping and gauging in Idaho batholith watersheds. If similar large events were solely responsible for sediment export, recurrence intervals (RIs) of several hundred years would account for higher sediment yields averaged over ∼104 year from Idaho batholith watersheds. Dating of small fire-induced sheetflooding events in an early Holocene tributary junction fan of Jughead Creek indicates that frequent small sedimentation events (RI≈33–80 year) occurred between 7400 and 6600 cal year BP, with an average yield not greatly exceeding 16 Mg km−2 year−1. Compared with the Holocene average, erosion rates during that 800 year period were unusually low, suggesting that sediment yields have not been constant over time, and that climatic variations and related fire regime changes may exert a strong influence on the probability of major erosional events. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. REFERENCES Barrett SW. 1988. Fire suppression's effects on forest succession within a central Idaho wilderness. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 3: 76–80. Google Scholar Barrett SW, Arno SF, Menakis JP. 1997. Fire episodes in the Inland Northwest (1540–1940) based on fire history data. 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