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First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Causing Panama Disease in Cavendish Bananas in Pakistan and Lebanon

2015; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 100; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1094/pdis-12-14-1356-pdn

1943-7692

N. Ordóñez, Fernando A. García-Bastidas, Hashim Laghari ., M. Y. Akkary, E. N. Harfouche, B. N. al Awar, G.H.J. Kema,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 100, No. 1First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Causing Panama Disease in Cavendish Bananas in Pakistan and Lebanon PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Causing Panama Disease in Cavendish Bananas in Pakistan and LebanonN. Ordoñez, F. García-Bastidas, H. B. Laghari, M. Y. Akkary, E. N. Harfouche, B. N. al Awar, and G. H. J. KemaN. Ordoñez, F. García-Bastidas, H. B. Laghari, M. Y. Akkary, E. N. Harfouche, B. N. al Awar, and G. H. J. KemaAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations N. Ordoñez F. García-Bastidas , Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands H. B. Laghari , Asim Agriculture Farm Tando Allahyar, Sindh, Pakistan M. Y. Akkary E. N. Harfouche B. N. al Awar , Debbane Frères, Lebanon part of Debbane Agri Group, Lebanon G. H. J. Kema , Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. Published Online:28 Oct 2015https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-14-1356-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat Panama disease of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), poses a great risk to global banana production. Tropical race 4 (TR4) of Foc, which affects Cavendish bananas as well as many other banana cultivars (Ploetz 2006), was confirmed for the first time outside Southeast Asia in Jordan in 2013 (García-Bastidas et al. 2014). In Pakistan, bananas are produced in the Sindh and Balochistan provinces (91% [31,000 ha] and 9% of the country’s production, respectively). Symptoms of Fusarium wilt, including wilting of leaves and vascular discoloration in rhizomes and pseudostems, were first observed in 2012 in a 2-ha Cavendish plantation in Baoo Pooran (ca. 24°N, 68°E), Sindh Province. By January 2014, approximately 121 ha were affected. In Lebanon, bananas are produced for local consumption and regional export, especially to Syria. Yellowing of leaves and internal vascular discoloration in the pseudostems was first observed in Cavendish plants in October 2013 in the Mansouri and Berghliyeh regions. Thus far, 1 ha has been affected. Infected pseudostem tissue samples from Pakistan and Lebanon were processed for Foc isolation and characterization as described by García-Bastidas et al. (2014). White colonies developed from the surface sterilized (70% ethanol) tissue on Komada’s medium (Leslie and Summerell 2006) and nine single microconidia isolates were generated, four from the Pakistan sample and five from the Lebanon samples and transferred to quarter-strength PDA. All isolates phenotypically resembled F. oxysporum (Leslie and Summerell 2006) and were diagnosed as vegetative compatibility group (VCG) 01213, which was confirmed by PCR, thereby corroborating that VCG01213 only represents TR4 strains (Ploetz 2006). Subsequently, one of the isolates from Pakistan (Pak1.1A) and one isolate each from Mansouri (Leb1.1A) and Berghliyeh (Leb1.2C) in Lebanon were analyzed for pathogenicity. Inoculum production and inoculation were according to Dita et al. (2010) by dipping (30 min, 106 spores/ml) root-wounded 10-week-old Cavendish cv. Grand Naine plants, which were then placed in sand in 3-liter pots under 28°C, 70% relative humidity, and a 16-h diurnal light periods for 6 weeks. Sets of three plants were each treated with either Pak1.1A, Leb1.1A, Leb1.2C, or TR4 (reference isolate II-5, which was diagnosed as TR4 by PCR and pathogenicity analyses, see Dita et al. 2010). Control sets were each treated with either Foc Race1 (Cruz das Almas, Brazil, see Dita et al. 2010) or water. After 4 weeks, all plants inoculated with the isolates from Pakistan, Lebanon, and TR4 (II-5) produced typical symptoms of Fusarium wilt. After 6 weeks, internal symptoms were recorded and tissue was collected from all plants and plated on Komada’s medium. TR4 was confirmed by PCR from isolates that were recovered from all symptomatic plants. No isolates were recovered from plants infected with Race 1 or the water controls, all of which remained asymptomatic. Thus, we confirm the presence of TR4 in Pakistan and Lebanon and its continued expansion and distribution in Western Asia. Although comparatively limited production areas have been affected to date, increasing damage will undoubtedly occur in these countries in the near future.References:Dita, M. A., et al. 2010. Plant Pathol. 59:348. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02221.x Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarGarcía-Bastidas, F., et al. 2014. Plant Dis. 98:694. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-13-0954-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarLeslie, J. F., and Summerell, B. A. 2006. The Fusarium Lab Manual. Blackwell, Ames, IA. Crossref, Google ScholarPloetz, R. C. 2006. Phytopathology 96:653. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-0653 Link, ISI, Google ScholarN. Ordoñez and F. García-Bastidas contributed equally to this research.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 100, No. 1 January 2016SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 15 Jan 2016Published: 28 Oct 2015First Look: 30 Mar 2015Accepted: 20 Mar 2015 Page: 209 Information© 2016 The American Phytopathological SocietyCited byDisentangling the resistant mechanism of Fusarium wilt TR4 interactions with different cultivars and its elicitor application2 March 2023 | Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol. 14Fusarium wilt of banana: Current update and sustainable disease control using classical and essential oils approachesHorticultural Plant Journal, Vol. 9, No. 1Genome Sequence Data Reveal at Least Two Distinct Incursions of the Tropical Race 4 Variant of Fusarium Wilt into South AmericaPaula H. Reyes-Herrera, Eliana Torres-Bedoya, Diana Lopez-Alvarez, Diana Burbano-David, Sandra L. Carmona, Daniel P. Bebber, David J. 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