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Alkaloid Diversity in Galanthus elwesii and Galanthus nivalis

2011; Wiley; Volume: 8; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/cbdv.200900380

1612-1880

Strahil Berkov, Jaume Bastida, Boriana Sidjimova, Françesc Viladomat, Carles Codina,

Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Abstract Seventy alkaloids of galanthamine, lycorine, homolycorine, tazettine, haemanthamine, narciclasine, and tyramine types were detected by GC/MS in 25 Galanthus elwesii and seven Galanthus nivalis populations, collected from different locations in Bulgaria. Intraspecies diversity in the alkaloid profiles regarding the main alkaloid types (chemotypes) was observed. Tyramine‐type protoalkaloids (namely, hordenine and its derivatives) were dominant in 19 populations of G. elwesii. In other populations of G. elwesii , the plants accumulated mainly homolycorine‐, lycorine‐, and galanthamine‐type alkaloids. The alkaloid profiles of G. nivalis were dominated by narciclasine‐, galanthamine‐, lycorine‐, haemanthamine‐, or tazettine‐type compounds. Geographical distribution of chemotypes indicated a relationship between populations, since adjacent populations often displayed similar alkaloid profiles. The results from year‐to‐year sampling and transplantation experiments imply genetic determination of alkaloid synthesis in the two studied species of Galanthus.