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Determinants of Successful Treatment Outcomes Among a Sample of Urban American Indians/Alaska Natives: the Role of Social Environments

2013; Springer Science+Business Media; Volume: 40; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/s11414-013-9324-4

1556-3308

Suzanne E. Spear, Desirée Crèvecoeur-MacPhail, Loretta L. Denering, Daniel L. Dickerson, Mary‐Lynn Brecht,

Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects

Very few studies have analyzed the role of social environments on substance abuse treatment outcomes among urban American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). This study examined a measure of positive treatment response—abstinence from substance use at treatment discharge—among urban AI/ANs in Los Angeles County. The sample included all AI/ANs in outpatient drug-free (e.g., no methadone) treatment and residential treatment from 2004 to 2008 (N = 811). Predictors of abstinence at discharge were (a) having recovery-oriented social support and (b) not having a difficult living situation (i.e., experiencing family conflict and/or living with someone who uses alcohol and/or drugs). Higher levels of recovery-oriented social support in the past 30 days predicted abstinence during outpatient treatment. In residential treatment, retention of 90 days or more, high recovery-oriented social support, and not experiencing difficult living situations predicted abstinence. Suggestions for optimizing treatment outcomes among AI/ANs and areas of further research are provided.