Asymmetrical Causation: Influence without Recompense
2010; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 16; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/13534640903478833
ISSN1460-700X
Autores Tópico(s)Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
ResumoClick to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1 See Lynn Margulis, Symbiotic Planet: A New Look at Evolution (New York: Basic Books, 1998). 2 Quentin Meillassoux, After Finitude, trans. R. Brassier (London: Continuum, 2008), p.5. 3 Alfred North Whitehead, Process and Reality, (New York: Free Press, 1978), p.xi. Emphasis added. 4 Bruno Latour, Pandora's Hope: Essays in the Reality of Science Studies, p.122. (Cambridge MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1999). 5 See for instance Jean-Luc Marion's Reduction and Givenness, trans. T. Carlson. (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1998). And Being Given, trans. J. Kosky (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002). 6 See especially Graham Harman, Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics of Objects (Chicago: Open Court, 2002). 7 It is only half-true when Meillassoux remarks that for Heidegger, ‘both terms of the appropriation [in Ereignis] are originarily constituted through their reciprocal relation…’ (After Finitude, p.8). It is certainly true that for Heidegger both terms only exist in reciprocal relation. But to say that both terms are constituted through this relation implies that there is nothing in them that lies outside this relation, and this wrongly eliminates the gulf that separates Heidegger from both Husserl and Hegel: for there is a definite realist dimension to Heidegger's thinking that cannot be found in the other two thinkers. In fact, Heidegger really needs to be called a ‘correlationist realist’, a phrase that Meillassoux would regard as a square circle. For Heidegger, though, human and world exist only as a pair – and without exhausting one another. 8 See Graham Harman, ‘On Vicarious Causation’, Collapse, 2 (2007), pp.171-205. 9 See Husserl's rejection of Kazimierz Twardowski's claim to the contrary in ‘Intentional Objects’, in Edmund Husserl, Early Writings in the Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics, trans. D. Willard (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1994). 10 G.W. Leibniz, Philosophical Essays, trans. R. Ariew and D. Garber (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1989), p. 214. Emphasis removed. 11 In this respect, both sides are wrong in the celebrated debate between Samuel Clarke (‘space is an empty container’) and Leibniz (‘space is a system of relations between entities’). See Leibniz and Clarke: Correspondence (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2000). 12 Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Phenomenology of Perception, trans. C. Smith (London: Routledge, 2002). This was first brought to my attention by the wonderful book of Alphonso Lingis, The Imperative (Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press, 1998). Lingis creates a unified field theory of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of perception and Levinasian ethics. 13 Graham Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics: Phenomenology and the Carpentry of Things (Chicago: Open Court, 2005), parts 2 and 3. 14 Francisco Suárez, On Efficient Causality: Metaphysical Disputations 17, 18, and 19, trans. A. Freddoso (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1994). 15 Francisco Suárez, On Efficient Causality, p.102. 16 This idea was suggested to me by the systems of tetrads in Marshall and Eric McLuhan's Laws of Media: The New Science (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992).
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