Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

The Kidney in Cirrhosis

1964; American College of Physicians; Volume: 60; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.7326/0003-4819-60-3-353

1539-3704

William P. Baldus,

Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection

Article1 March 1964The Kidney in CirrhosisI. Clinical and Biochemical Features of Azotemia in Hepatic FailureWILLIAM P. BALDUS, M.D., RALPH N. FEICHTER, M.D., WILLIAM H. J. SUMMERSKILL, M.D.WILLIAM P. BALDUS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RALPH N. FEICHTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM H. J. SUMMERSKILL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-3-353 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSimultaneous impairment of certain hepatic and renal functions may develop under widely different pathologic circumstances. Some authors have described such conditions by the term "hepatorenal syndrome," thus attributing a specific, but undefined, interrelationship to the liver and kidney (1-3). There are, however, strong indications that this syndrome represents a heterogenous group of disorders. It is therefore preferable to consider the various clinical and pathophysiologic changes individually. The following classification embraces the clinical circumstances in which common causes or direct relationships between renal and hepatic disorders have been most clearly substantiated:1. Systemic diseases involving both liver and kidney (infectious, toxic,...References1. HELWIGSCHUTZ FCCB: A liver kidney syndrome: clinical, pathological, and experimental studies. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 55: 570, 1932. Google Scholar2. WILENSKY AO: Occurrence, distribution and pathogenesis of so-called liver death and/or the hepatorenal syndrome. Arch. Surg. (Chicago) 38: 625, 1939. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HEYD CG: A consideration of the hepaticorenal syndrome. Amer. J. Dig. Dis. 9: 348, 1942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. STAUFFER MH: Nephrogenic hepatosplenomegaly (abstract). Gastroenterology 40: 694, 1961. Google Scholar5. HECKERSHERLOCK RS: Electrolyte and circulatory changes in terminal liver failure. Lancet 2: 1121, 1956. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. PAPPERBELSKYBLEIFER SJLKH: Renal failure in Laennec's cirrhosis of the liver. I. Description of clinical and laboratory features. Ann. Intern Med. 51: 759, 1959. LinkGoogle Scholar7. VESIN P: Late functional renal failure in cirrhosis with ascites: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment, in Aktuelle Probleme der Hepatologie, by MARTINI, G. A., Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1962, pp. 98-109. Google Scholar8. BALDUSFEICHTERSUMMERSKILLHUNTWAKIM WPRAWHJCKG: Disorders of renal function and the renal circulation in hepatic cirrhosis (abstract). J. Lab. Clin. Med. 60: 857, 1962. Google Scholar9. EPSTEINLESSERBERGER FHGTEY: Renal function in decompensated cirrhosis of the liver. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 75: 822, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. LESLIEJOHNSONRALLI SHBEP: Renal clearances in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, with and without ascites (abstract). J. Clin. Endocr. 9: 682, 1949. Google Scholar11. LESLIEJOHNSTONRALLI SHBEP: Renal function as a factor in fluid retention in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J. Clin. Invest. 30: 1200, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. ÖNEN KH: Renal hemodynamics in hepatic cirrhosis. Lancet. 1: 203, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. SHALDONWALKER SG: Jaundice and acute renal failure, in Aktuelle Probleme der Hepatologie, by MARTINI, G. A., Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 1962, pp. 118-122. Google Scholar14. LANCESTREMEREDAVIDSONEARLEYO'BRIENPAPPER RGPLLEFJS: Renal failure in Laennec's cirrhosis. II. Simultaneous determination of cardiac output and renal hemodynamics. J. Clin. Invest. 41: 1922, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar15. CLOWDUSSUMMERSKILLCASEYHIGGINSORVIS BFWHTHJAAL: Isotype studies of the development of water and electrolyte disorders and azotemia during the treatment of ascites. Gastroenterology 41: 360, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16. SUMMERSKILLCLOWDUSROSEVEAR WHBFJW: Long-term medical management and complications of 'resistant' ascites. Gut 2: 285, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar17. SUMMERSKILLCLOWDUSCASEY WHBFTH: Clinical and metabolic changes during the development of azotemia in hepatic failure with ascites. Proc. Mayo Clin. 35: 783, 1960. Google Scholar18. PAPPERSAXON SL: The diuretic response to administered water in patients with liver disease. II. Laennec's cirrhosis of the liver. Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 103: 750, 1959. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. RIVERAPENABARCENARANGELDIES AJCCSF: Renal excretion of water, sodium and potassium in cirrhosis of the liver. Metabolism 10: 1, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar20. ORLOFFWALSERKENNEDYBARTTER JMTJFC: Hyponatremia. Circulation. 19: 284, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. TALSOSPAFFORDFERENZIJACKSON PJNGHO: Paradoxical hyponatremia associated with congestive heart failure and with cirrhosis of the liver. Metabolism 5: 58, 1956. MedlineGoogle Scholar22. BIRKENFELDLEIBMANO'MEARAEDELMAN LWJMPIS: Total exchangeable potassium, and total body water in edematous patients with cirrhosis of the liver and congestive heart failure. J. Clin. Invest. 37: 687, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. CASEYSUMMERSKILLORVIS THWHAL: Disorders of potassium metabolism in liver diseases (abstract). J. Clin. Invest. 40: 1028, 1961. Google Scholar24. WEBSTERGABUZDA LTGJ: Relation of azotemia to blood "ammonium" in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Arch. Intern. Med. 103: 15, 1959. CrossrefGoogle Scholar25. GOODYERRELMANLAWRASONEPSTEIN AVASFDFH: Salt retention in cirrhosis of the liver. J. Clin. Invest. 29: 973, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar26. MASHFORDMAHONCHALMERS MLWATC: Studies of the cardiovascular system in the hypotension of liver failure. New Eng. J. Med. 267: 1071, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. EISNERLEVITT GMMF: The cirrhotic nephropathy, in Progress in Liver Diseases, by POPPER, H., SCHAFFNER, F.: Grune & Stratton, Inc., New York, 1961, pp. 119-133. Google Scholar28. PAPPER S: The role of the kidney in Laennec's cirrhosis of the liver. Medicine 37: 299, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. WHITE AG: Clinical Disturbances of Renal Function, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1961, 468 pp. Google Scholar30. VESINTRAVERSOHIRSCH-MARIECATTAN PHHR: L'insuffisance rénale circulatoire spontanée du cirrhotique. Son évolution. Sem. Hôp. Paris 38: 3598, 1962. Google Scholar31. BRADLEYBRADLEY SEGP: The effect of increased intra-abdominal pressure on renal function in man. J. Clin. Invest. 26: 1010, 1947. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar32. GORDON ME: The acute effects of abdominal paracentesis in Laennec's cirrhosis upon exchanges of electrolytes and water, renal function, and hemodynamics. Amer. J. Gastroent. 33: 15, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar33. BALDUSSUMMERSKILLHUNT WPWHJC: Unpublished data. Google Scholar34. ELSOM KA: Renal function in obstructive jaundice. Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 60: 1028, 1937. CrossrefGoogle Scholar35. KUNINCHALMERSLEEVYSEBASTYENLIEBERFINLAND CMTCCMSCCSM: Absorption of orally administered neomycin and kanamycin with special reference to patients with severe hepatic and renal disease. New Eng. J. Med. 262: 380, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar36. BAXTERASHWORTH JHCT: Renal lesions in portal cirrhosis. Arch. Path. (Chicago) 41: 476, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar37. FISHERHELLSTROM ERHR: The membranous and proliferative glomerulonephritis of hepatic cirrhosis. Amer. J. Clin. Path. 32: 48, 1959. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar38. BLOODWORTHSOMMERS JMSC: "Cirrhotic glomerulosclerosis," a renal lesion associated with hepatic cirrhosis. Lab. Invest. 8: 962, 1959. MedlineGoogle Scholar39. SUMMERSKILLWOLFEDAVIDSON WHSJCS: The management of hepatic coma in relation to protein withdrawal and certain specific measures. Amer. J. Med. 23: 59, 1957. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar40. VESINGIBOUDEAUCATTAN PRHR: Le syndrome "élévation de la kaliémie-azotémie-oligurie" dans les cirrhoses ascitiques. Mécanisme et conséquences thérapeutiques (échec des spirolactones). Bull. Mém. Soc. Méd. Paris 2: 1013, 1960. Google Scholar41. SCHEDLBARTTER HPFC: An explanation for and experimental correction of the abpeutiques water diuresis in cirrhosis. J. Clin. Invest. 39: 248, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar42. GORNELLANCESTREMEREPAPPERLOWENSTEIN DLRGSLM: Acute changes in renal excretion of water and solute in patients with Laennec's cirrhosis, induced by the administration of the pressor amine, metaraminol. J. Clin. Invest. 41: 594, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WILLIAM P. BALDUS, M.D.; RALPH N. FEICHTER, M.D.; WILLIAM H. J. SUMMERSKILL, M.D.Affiliations: From the Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota.This investigation was supported in part by research grant AM-06908-01 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland.Dr. Baldus is a recipient of grant 2A-5259-C1 from the United States Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland.Read at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American College of Physicians, Denver, Colorado, April 1-5, 1963.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Section of Publications, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAscites, Hyponatremia, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis, and Hepatorenal SyndromeHyponatremia and other electrolyte/ion disordersBiomarkers in Acute and Chronic Kidney DiseasesAcute Kidney Injury Is an Early Predictor of Mortality for Patients With Alcoholic HepatitisHecker R, Sherlock S. Electrolyte and circulatory changes in terminal liver failure [Lancet 1956;2:1221–1225]THE RISK OF RADIOCONTRAST NEPHROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSISMALIGNANCY AND RENAL DISEASEAcute renal failure following bone marrow transplantationVascular causes of renal failureAcute renal failure in the setting of bone marrow transplatationIncidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of the hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis with ascitesRenal function abnormalities, prostaglandins, and effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cirrhosis with ascites: An overview with emphasis on pathogenesisHepatorenal syndrome complicating chronic lymphocytic leukemiaUrinary excretion of enzymes in cirrhotics with renal failureClinical aspects of renal insufficiency induced by drugs and hepatic diseaseRenal effects of aminophylline in hepatic cirrhosisSpurious decrease in serum creatinine in patients with hyperbilirubinemiaAkutes Nierenversagen:Prophylaxe und TherapieRole of vasopressin in impaired water excretion in conscious rats with experimental cirrhosisRenal failure in fulminant hepatic failure and terminal cirrhosis: a comparison between incidence, types, and prognosis.Lymph imbalance in the genesis and perpetuation of the ascites syndrome in hepatic cirrhosisTreatment of hepatorenal syndromeThe hepatorenal syndromeAlcohol: Its effect on the kidneyRenal blood flow in cirrhosis: relation to systemic and portal haemodynamics and liver functionAuswirkungen der portalen Hypertension auf die NierenfunktionHepatorenal syndrome: A disease mediated by the intrarenal action of reninRenal function in cirrhosis and the effects of prostaglandin A1Electrolyte Imbalance in Alcoholic Liver DiseaseRenal and intrarenal blood flow in non-cirrhotic portal hypertensionRenal changes in cirrhosis.Renal blood flow in malignant disease of the liverThe effect of octapressin on renal and intrarenal blood flow in cirrhosis of the liverRENAL AND INTRARENAL BLOOD-FLOW IN CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVERPlasma renin level in hepatic cirrhosisETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF RENAL FAILURE IN CIRRHOSIS AND PORTAL HYPERTENSIONKIDNEYS FOR TRANSPLANTATIONTHE AMBULANCE TROUBLESTransplantation of Cadaveric Kidneys from Patients with Hepatorenal SyndromeDas sogenannte hepatorenale SyndromAcute renal failure in association with fatty liver of pregnancyCreatininemia Versus Uremia The Relative Significance of Blood Urea Nitrogen and Serum Creatinine Concentrations in AzotemiaJOHN B. DOSSETOR, M.D., PH.D., F.A.C.P., F.R.C.P. (C)Gastrointestinal urease in man. II. Urea hydrolysis and ammonia absorption in upper and lower gut lumen and the effect of neomycin.Renal Failure with Cirrhosis Observations on the Role of DiureticsFRED L. LIEBERMAN, M.D., TELFER B. REYNOLDS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hepatic Failure and the KidneyTHE KIDNEY IN HEPATIC DISEASE AND IN GOUT: CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGIC ASPECTSPartialfunktionen der Niere bei Cirrhosis hepatisINHIBITION BY ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID OF HUMAN MUCOSAL AND FÆCAL UREASE-SPECIFIC ACTIVITYRenal failure in patients with cirrhosis of the liverSpontaneous Recovery from the Hepatorenal SyndromeThe Kidney in Cirrhosis II. Disorders of Renal FunctionWILLIAM P. BALDUS, M.D., RALPH N. FEICHTER, M.D., WILLIAM H. J. SUMMERSKILL, M.D., JAMES C. HUNT, M.D., KHALIL G. WAKIM, M.D. 1 March 1964Volume 60, Issue 3Page: 353-365KeywordsAscitesCirrhosisKidneysLiverLiver diseasesMedical servicesPrevention, policy, and public healthRenal diseasesResearch grantsSystemic diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1964 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright ©, 1964, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...