Interrelationship between microsatellite instability and microRNA in gastrointestinal cancer
2012; Baishideng Publishing Group; Volume: 18; Issue: 22 Linguagem: Inglês
10.3748/wjg.v18.i22.2745
ISSN2219-2840
Autores Tópico(s)RNA modifications and cancer
ResumoThere is an increasing understanding of the roles that microsatellite instability (MSI) plays in Lynch syndrome (by mutations) and sporadic (by mainly epigenetic changes) gastrointestinal (GI) and other cancers.Deficient DNA mismatch repair (MMR) results in the strong mutator phenotype known as MSI, which is the hallmark of cancers arising within Lynch syndrome.MSI is characterized by length alterations within simple repeated sequences called microsatellites.Lynch syndrome occurs primarily because of germline mutations in one of the MMR genes, mainly MLH1 or MSH2 , less frequently MSH6 , and rarely PMS2 .MSI is also observed in about 15% of sporadic colorectal, gastric, and en-dometrial cancers and in lower frequencies in a minority of other cancers where it is often associated with the hypermethylation of the MLH1 gene.miRNAs are
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