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Nonflammable Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries Based on a Fluorinated Phosphate

2002; Institute of Physics; Volume: 149; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1149/1.1490356

1945-7111

Kang Xu, Sheng S. Zhang, Jan L. Allen, T. Richard Jow,

Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies

In this work we demonstrate that the fluorination of alkyl substituents on phosphate can reduce the viscosity, enhance flame-retarding efficiency, and increase electrochemical stability of the cosolvents. Therefore the new flame retardant can be used at a concentration greater than 20% in the electrolyte, as a cosolvent, in order to formulate a completely nonflammable electrolyte that works in lithium-ion cells. This new electrolyte formulation not only increases the safety feature of the lithium-ion battery, while maintaining the capacity utilization and rate capability, but also improves the capacity retention of the cell. The trade-off between electrolyte nonflammability and performance in the cell is thus alleviated by the introduction of fluorine in the structure of the flame retardants. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.