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Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays grown on a lamellar catalyst by fluidized bed catalytic chemical vapor deposition

2009; Elsevier BV; Volume: 47; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.carbon.2009.05.012

1873-3891

Qiang Zhang, Meng‐Qiang Zhao, Jia‐Qi Huang, Yi Liu, Yao Wang, Weizhong Qian, Fei Wei,

Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

Large amount of vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays were grown among the layers of vermiculite in a fluidized bed reactor. The vermiculite, which was 100–300 μm in diameter and merely 50–100 μm thick, served as catalyst carrier. The Fe/Mo active phase was randomly distributed among the layers of vermiculite. The catalyst shows good fluidization characteristics, and can easily be fluidized in the reactor within a large range of gas velocities. When ethylene is used as carbon source, CNT arrays with a relatively uniform length and CNT diameter can be synthesized. The CNTs in the arrays are with an inner diameter of 3–6 nm, an outer diameter of 7–12 nm, and a length of up to several tens of micrometers. The as-grown CNTs possess good alignment and exhibit a purity of ca. 84%. Unlike CNT arrays grown on a plane or spherical substrate, the CNT arrays grown in the fluidized bed remain their particle morphologies with a size of 50–300 μm and the good fluidization characteristics were preserved accordingly.