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Fluorine-18-α-Methyltyrosine Positron Emission Tomography for Diagnosis and Staging of Lung Cancer: A Clinicopathologic Study

2007; American Association for Cancer Research; Volume: 13; Issue: 21 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1294

1557-3265

Kyoichi Kaira, Noboru Oriuchi, Yoshimi Otani, Kimihiro Shimizu, Shigebumi Tanaka, Hisao Imai, Noriko Yanagitani, Noriaki Sunaga, Takeshi Hisada, Tamotsu Ishizuka, Kunio Dobashi, Yoshikatsu Kanai, Hitoshi Endou, Takashi Nakajima, Keigo Endo, Masatomo Mori,

Chemical Reactions and Isotopes

Abstract Purpose: l-[3-18F]-α-Methyltyrosine ([18F]FMT) is an amino acid tracer for positron emission tomography (PET). We evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of [18F]FMT PET in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Tumor uptake of [18F]FMT was compared with that of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) and correlated with L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression. Experimental Design: Fifty NSCLC patients were enrolled in this study, and a pair of PET study with [18F]FMT and [18F]FDG was done. LAT1 expression and Ki-67 labeling index of the resected tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. Results: For the primary tumor detection, [18F]FMT PET exhibited a sensitivity of 90% whereas the sensitivity for [18F]FDG PET was 94%. For lymph node staging, the sensitivity and specificity of [18F]FMT PET were 57.8% and 100%, and those of [18F]FDG PET were 65.7% and 91%, respectively. The expression of LAT1 in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma. [18F]FMT uptake was also higher in squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma. Uptake of [18F]FMT in the tumor is closely correlated with LAT1 expression (ρ = 0.890). Conclusion: [18F]FMT PET had no false-positives in the detection of primary tumor and lymph node metastasis and could improve the diagnostic performance in NSCLC. Uptake of [18F]FMT correlated with the expression of LAT1 that showed a significant association with cellular proliferation.