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“The Seagull Cry”

2010; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 121; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1161/circulationaha.109.889113

1524-4539

Christoph Thalhammer, Markus Aschwanden, Beatrice Amann‐Vesti,

Organ Donation and Transplantation

HomeCirculationVol. 121, No. 5"The Seagull Cry" Free AccessReview ArticlePDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissionsDownload Articles + Supplements ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toSupplemental MaterialFree AccessReview ArticlePDF/EPUB"The Seagull Cry"A Sign of Emergency after Renal Transplantation? Christoph Thalhammer, Markus Aschwanden and Beatrice R. Amann-Vesti Christoph ThalhammerChristoph Thalhammer From Department of Angiology, University Hospital Zurich (C.T., B.R.A.-V.), and Department of Angiology, University Hospital of Basel (M.A.), Switzerland. , Markus AschwandenMarkus Aschwanden From Department of Angiology, University Hospital Zurich (C.T., B.R.A.-V.), and Department of Angiology, University Hospital of Basel (M.A.), Switzerland. and Beatrice R. Amann-VestiBeatrice R. Amann-Vesti From Department of Angiology, University Hospital Zurich (C.T., B.R.A.-V.), and Department of Angiology, University Hospital of Basel (M.A.), Switzerland. Originally published9 Feb 2010https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.889113Circulation. 2010;121:e25–e26Duplex ultrasound is widely used to detect vascular dysfunction after kidney transplantation. We describe musical murmurs found in renal allografts.A 29-year-old man with an increase in serum creatinine 1 month after cadaveric kidney transplantation was referred for duplex ultrasound to exclude perfusion dysfunction. Renal arterial and venous circulation was normal. However, during Doppler spectral recording, a loud "seagull cry" was audible (audio file in the online-only Data Supplement). Spectral analysis displayed mirror-image parallel strings and bands of low to moderate frequency (Figure 1A and B). A small arteriovenous fistula, presumably after previous biopsy, was detected as cause of the turbulent flow. Inasmuch as no bleeding complication or pseudoaneurysm formation occurred, a conservative strategy was chosen, and follow-up with duplex ultrasound was recommended. Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 1. A and B, Renal transplant with arteriovenous fistula after previous biopsy. Doppler spectral analysis shows mirror-image parallel strings in different areas (arrows).A 49-year-old woman was referred for duplex ultrasound during her first annual follow-up visit after cadaveric renal transplantation. Duplex ultrasound revealed a narrowing of the transplant vein with turbulent flow and increased peak systolic velocity up to 200 cm/s in the middle part (Figure 2A). Furthermore, spectral analysis showed a turbulent pulsatile spindle signal (Figure 2B), and a high-frequency "seagull cry" was clearly audible. Renal function was normal, and no signs of venous congestion were present; therefore, no further intervention was necessary. Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 2. A, Color-coded ultrasound shows transplant renal artery (red) and vein (blue); renal vein stenosis with increased (yellow and white) and turbulent flow (green). B, Doppler spectral analysis shows a peak flow velocity of 180 cm/s of the renal vein with a concomitant low frequent systolic spindle band (arrows).Duplex ultrasound performed during the first follow-up visit after cadaveric renal transplantation in a 50-year-old woman revealed an audible high-frequency pulsatile sound in the transplant renal artery. Peak systolic velocity increased from 110 cm/s to 250 cm/s, indicating renal artery stenosis (Figure 3A and B). Doppler spectral analysis showed a turbulent systolic spindle signal (Figure 3C). However, intrarenal spectral waveforms were normal, as were renal function and blood pressure, and therefore hemodynamic relevant stenosis was unlikely. After the color display was optimized, a kink of the renal artery directly after the anastomosis was seen. Severe kinking of the transplant artery is a rare but relevant cause of early graft dysfunction, and surgical resection is recommended. However, in this patient, renal function remained normal, and peak flow velocity in the kink did not change over the next 2 years. Download figureDownload PowerPointFigure 3. A, External iliac artery in the region of the renal artery anastomosis with "confetti phenomenon." B, Transplant artery (pulse repetition frequency 65.9 cm/s) with a kink and increased (yellow and white) and turbulent flow (green). C, Doppler spectral analysis shows a peak flow velocity of 250 cm/s of the renal artery with a concomitant low frequent systolic spindle band (arrows).Seagull cry, also called "goose cry" or "cooing murmur," is an outstanding acoustic phenomenon in duplex ultrasound and indicates severely disturbed flow. Musical murmurs have been described in color-coded carotid and transcranial duplex ultrasound and imply such severe vascular diseases as high-grade carotid artery stenosis, arteriovenous fistula, and Moyamoya disease.1 Doppler spectral analysis commonly detects mirror-image parallel strings (Figure 1) or bands of low to moderate frequencies (Figures 2 and 3) caused by flow acceleration and turbulence along the vessel. An experienced sonographer may be able to correctly identify the cause of the musical murmurs and its impact on renal function.In addition to the 3 cases described here, we have observed the phenomenon of musical murmurs in patients directly postoperatively after renal transplantation with severe perfusion dysfunction and graft failure. However, in this situation, urgent surgical revision was necessary to rescue transplant function. To our knowledge this is the first report of "seagull cry" in color-coded duplex ultrasound after renal transplantation.2The online-only Data Supplement is available with this article at http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/121/5/e25/DC1.DisclosuresNone.FootnotesCorrespondence to Christoph Thalhammer, MD, University Hospital Zurich, Clinic for Angiology, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. E-mail [email protected]References1 Lin SK, Ryu SJ, Chang YJ, Lee TH. Clinical relevance of musical murmurs in color-coded carotid and transcranial duplex sonographies. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006; 27: 1493–1497.MedlineGoogle Scholar2 Thalhammer C, Aschwanden M, Mayr M, Staub D, Jaeger KA. Colour-coded duplex sonography after renal transplantation. Ultraschall Med. 2007; 28: 6–21.CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Hügel U, Rosenov A, Baumgartner I and Thalhammer C (2019) Farbkodierte Duplexsonografie der Gefässe in der Praxis: Artefakte, Praxis, 10.1024/1661-8157/a003276, 108:10, (679-684), Online publication date: 1-Aug-2019. Preuss S, Rother C, Renders L, Wagenpfeil S, Büttner-Herold M, Slotta-Huspenina J, Holtzmann C, Kuechle C, Heemann U, Stock K, Park J, Krüger A and Jung F Sonography of the renal allograft: Correlation between doppler sonographic resistance index (RI) and histopathology, Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, 10.3233/CH-189306, 70:4, (413-422) Xiang H, Han J, Ridley W and Ridley L (2018) Seagull appearance: Vascular anatomy on ultrasound, Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, 10.1111/1754-9485.48_12784, 62, (104-104), Online publication date: 1-Oct-2018. Wyatt Z (2018) Ultrasound of type 4 Takayasu's arteritis with abdominal aorta and visceral artery stenosis, Sonography, 10.1002/sono.12145, 5:2, (82-86), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2018. Morelli N, Rota E, Immovilli P, Michieletti E and Guidetti D (2012) Musical murmurs on internal carotid artery: sonological herald of vessel dissection?, Neurological Sciences, 10.1007/s10072-012-0972-6, 34:2, (251-252), Online publication date: 1-Feb-2013. February 9, 2010Vol 121, Issue 5 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.889113PMID: 20142458 Originally publishedFebruary 9, 2010 PDF download Advertisement SubjectsImagingUltrasound