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Two ancient human genomes reveal Polynesian ancestry among the indigenous Botocudos of Brazil

2014; Elsevier BV; Volume: 24; Issue: 21 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.cub.2014.09.078

1879-0445

Anna‐Sapfo Malaspinas, Óscar Lao, Hannes Schroeder, Morten Rasmussen, Maanasa Raghavan, Ida Moltke, Paula F. Campos, Francisca Santana‐Sagredo, Simon Rasmussen, Vanessa F. Gonçalves, Anders Albrechtsen, Morten E. Allentoft, Philip L. Johnson, Mingkun Li, Silvia Reis, Danilo Vicensotto Bernardo, Michael DeGiorgio, Ana T. Duggan, Murilo Bastos, Yong Wang, Jesper Stenderup, J. Víctor Moreno-Mayar, Søren Brunak, Thomas Sicheritz‐Pontén, Emily Hodges, Gregory J. Hannon, Ludovic Orlando, T. Douglas Price, Jeffrey D. Jensen, Rasmus Nielsen, Jan Heinemeier, Jesper Olsen, Cláudia Rodrigues-Carvalho, Marta Mìrazón Lahr, Walter Alves Neves, Manfred Kayser, Thomas Higham, Mark Stoneking, Sérgio D.J. Pena, Eske Willerslev,

Forensic and Genetic Research

Understanding the peopling of the Americas remains an important and challenging question. Here, we present 14C dates, and morphological, isotopic and genomic sequence data from two human skulls from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, part of one of the indigenous groups known as ‘Botocudos’. We find that their genomic ancestry is Polynesian, with no detectable Native American component. Radiocarbon analysis of the skulls shows that the individuals had died prior to the beginning of the 19th century. Our findings could either represent genomic evidence of Polynesians reaching South America during their Pacific expansion, or European-mediated transport.