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Phosphorothioate cap analogs increase stability and translational efficiency of RNA vaccines in immature dendritic cells and induce superior immune responses in vivo

2010; Springer Nature; Volume: 17; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/gt.2010.52

1476-5462

Andreas N. Kuhn, Mustafa Diken, Sebastian Kreiter, Abderaouf Selmi, Joanna Kowalska, Jacek Jemielity, Edward Darżynkiewicz, Christian G. Huber, Özlem Türeci, Uğur Şahin,

RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Vaccination with in vitro transcribed RNA coding for tumor antigens is considered a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy and has already entered human clinical testing. One of the basic objectives for development of RNA as a drug is the optimization of immunobioavailability of the encoded antigen in vivo. By analyzing the effect of different synthetic 5′ mRNA cap analogs on the kinetics of the encoded protein, we found that m27,2′−OGppSpG (β-S-ARCA) phosphorothioate caps, in particular the D1 diastereoisomer, profoundly enhance RNA stability and translational efficiency in immature but not mature dendritic cells. Moreover, in vivo delivery of the antigen as β-S-ARCA(D1)-capped RNA species is superior for protein expression and for efficient priming and expansion of naïve antigen-specific T cells in mice. Our findings establish 5′ mRNA cap analogs as yet another module for tuning immunopharmacological properties of recombinant antigen-encoding RNA for vaccination purposes.