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Frequency of HIV Type 1 Dual Infection and HIV Diversity: Analysis of Low- and High-Risk Populations in Mbeya Region, Tanzania

2006; Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Volume: 22; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1089/aid.2006.22.599

1931-8405

Karl‐Heinz Herbinger, Martina Gerhardt, Sucheep Piyasirisilp, Doreen Mloka, Miguel A. Arroyo, Oliver Hoffmann, Leonard Maboko, Deborah L. Birx, Donan Mmbando, Francine E. McCutchan, Michael Höelscher,

Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

HIV-1 diversity, frequency of recombinants, and dual infection were determined in two populations with different HIV risk behavior. A high-risk cohort of 600 female bar workers and a normal-risk population of 1,108 antenatal clinic attendees and blood donors were recruited. Behavioral data were assessed and blood for HIV- 1 diagnosis and genotyping was sampled. HIV-1 subtypes were defined through the multiregion hybridization assay (MHA(acd)). HIV-1 prevalence differed significantly among the two populations. The prevalence was 67.8% in the population of bar workers and 17% in the normal-risk population (antenatal care attendees and blood donors). Within the normal-risk population the HIV-1 prevalence was lowest in the group of volunteer blood donors. The frequency of HIV-1 infection in women was 1.7 times higher than in men. The overall subtype distribution was A (8.5%), C (40.8%), D (3.8%), AC (25.4%), AD (5.4%), CD (8.8%), and ACD (7.3%). In the high-risk population there was a higher percentage of HIV-1 recombinant strains (54% vs. 40%, p < 0.05) and a higher frequency of dual infections (19% vs. 9%, p < 0.02) compared to the normal-risk population. High-risk populations may play an important role in the evolution of HIV, as they can provide an opportunity for the virus to coinfect, recombine, and adapt to the host-specific genetic background.