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William Shockley and the Transistor

2012; Elsevier BV; Volume: 87; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.01.019

1942-5546

Marc A. Shampo, Robert A. Kyle, David P. Steensma,

Cybernetics and Technology in Society

William Bradford Shockley, American physicist, shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in physics with 2 other American physicists, John Bardeen (1908-1991) and Walter H. Brattain (1902-1987) for "their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect." This work ushered in the age of microminiature electronics. The transistor (transfer plus resistor, transferred current across a resistor) works as a semiconductor that transmits electricity in one direction only and functions as a rectifier in transforming alternating current to direct current.