Basque-Atlantic shores: ethnicity, the nation-state and the diaspora in Europe and America (1808–98)
2008; Routledge; Volume: 32; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/01419870802065903
ISSN1466-4356
AutoresFernando Molina Aparicio, Pedro J. Oiarzabal,
Tópico(s)Spanish History and Politics
ResumoAbstract Abstract Classical approaches to nationalism and ethnicity have traditionally understood ethnic groups as ethno-nationalist groups that were irrevocably predisposed to constitute political entities in order to preserve and promote their assumed unique socio-historical and cultural markers. However, we argue that the Basque case illustrates much the opposite. Basque ethnic identity was not only utilized by the Basque nationalist movement, but it helped to form diverse processes of national identifications such as the Spanish, French, or Venezuelan for that matter throughout the nineteenth century. In this sense, the debate on Basque ethnicity is not a marginal issue in the re-elaboration of Spanishness and identity politics on both sides of the Atlantic but a central and main one in the Spanish and Latin American national and state-building discourses. Keywords: Basqueethnicitynation-statediasporastateLatin America Acknowledgements This paper draws on two previous works by the authors: ‘Towards a diasporic and transnational reading of Basque identities in time, space, and history’ by Pedro J. Oiarzabal, which was prepared for delivery at the 2004 Meeting of the Latin American Studies Association, Las Vegas, Nevada (USA) 7–9 October 2004, and ‘La disputada cronología de la nacionalidad: fuerismo, identidad vasca y nación en el siglo XIX’ by Fernando Molina, published in the journal Historia Contemporánea 16 (2005), pp. 219–45. The authors would like to thank Dr Xosé Manoel Núñez Seixas at the Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (Galicia, Spain) for reviewing previous drafts of this paper. This article stems from University of the Basque Country's research project ‘Autonomía e Identidad en el País Vasco Contemporáneo’ (Autonomy and Identity in Contemporary Basque Country), HUM2004-04956 (Principal Researcher: Dr Luis Castells). Notes 1. Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Uruguay and Venezuela. Additional informationNotes on contributorsFernando MolinaFERNANDO MOLINA is currently a Ramón y Cajal ResearcherPedro J. OiarzabalPEDRO J. OIARZABAL is currently a Visiting Scholar
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