Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

A Century of X-rays and Radioactivity in Medicine

2018; Informa; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1201/9781315136271

Richard F. Mould,

Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy

Discovery of x-rays: Wilhelm Conrad R^Dontgen: R^Dontgen: 1845-1923 R^Dontgen's apparatus: 1895-1896 R^Dontgen's first communication and x-ray pictures Reaction from the public: 1896. Discovery of Radioactivity and Radium: Henri Becquerel and Marie Curie: Henri Becquerel: 1852-1908 Marie Curie: 1867-1934 The laboratory in Paris: 1898 Radium and Marie Curie: 1904-1923 Radium Institute, Warsaw: 1925-1936 Marie Curie museum, Warsaw. Early days of x-rays and radium: diagnosis, therapy and experiment: X-ray reports 1896 X-ray pictures 1896 Radium pictures: 1904 Radium experiment in a New York garden: 1907 Patients: x-rays 1901, radium 1907 1896 patient: Vienna, 70 years later Real and fake diamonds: 1896-1898 Radium applicators, tubes and needles X-ray apparatus constructed 1896-1897 N-rays: 1903-1904 X-rays on wheels: 1907-1919 X-ray therapy in Philadelphia, 1907: lupus, cancer and epilepsy Early X-ray patents Tavern of the dead: 1896 Biological experiments: Freiburg, 1918 and Paris, 1933 Endoscopic positioning: Paris, 1897 X-ray injuries and x-ray protection An 1897 catalogue: Erlangen. Archives of clinical skiagraphy: the first radiological journal: 1896-1899: The skeleton Tuberculosis ... or a coin in the throat? Cine-radiography Treatment of lupus Peruvian osteosarcoma aged 600 years Marine biology Radiographic positioning Other early journals. Gas Tubes: 1895-1913: Sir William Crookes First x-ray picture: Philadelphia, 1890, Pear-shaped x-ray tubes: 1896 X-ray tube technology: 1896-1902 X-ray tubes used by R^Dontgen: 1895-1896 Self-regulating x-ray tubes: 1896-1903 Advertising: 1896-1913. Spark coils and interrupters: Induction coils: 1896 and 1901 Influence machines: 1887-1900 Mercury interrupters: 1906 and 1932 Electrolytic interrupter: 1902: Spark gap: 1896-1932 Interrupterless transformer: 1919. Hot cathode x-ray tubes: William Coolidge and thermionic emission: Coolidge tubes: 1913-1918 Glass blowing technology: 1914 Radiator-type Coolidge tubes: 1920s Image sharpness: 1918 U.S. army manual Rotating anode tubes: 1936 and 1989. Military Radiography: Sudan and the battle of Omdurman: 1898 The Spanish-American war: 1898 Mill power, 1901 and horsepower, 1909 The Boer war: 1899-1902 The Escadrille Pozzi: 1918 X-ray wagons: 1914-1918 war Projectile localisation and fluoroscopy: 1914-18 war. Animal radiographs: Frogs Birds and bat Cat, dog, mole, rabbit and chameleon Fish Snake and crocodile Elephant and beetle Kangaroo jaw? Diagnostic radiology: I: Fluoroscopy: 1896-1902 Intensifying screens: 1896-1935 Fluoroscopy in the U.S. Army: 1918: X-ray plates and films: 1896 and 1920s Mackenzie Davidson portable localiser: 1897 Stereoscopy: 1896 and 1901 Image intensifier: 1972 Fluoroscopy: 1923 and 1956 Fluoroscopy advertisement: Paris, 1897 Barium enema and barium meal: 1988 Image processing: 1988 Diagnositc imaging modalities: 1993. Diagnostic Radiology: II: Bismuth meal: 1908, 1919 and 1923 Private radiology clinic: London, 1897 Image intensifiers: 1962, 1969 and 1975. Diagnostic radiology: III: Kidney stones: 1899 and 1900 Radiographic positioning, kidney: 1923 Bladder stone: 1904 Compression apparatus: 1903 and 1914 Potter-Bucky grid: 1920s Surgery and handwriting: 1896 Couches: 1898- 1918. Diagnostic Radiology: IV: Arteriogram, injection of four pounds of mercury: London 1899 Arteriograms from Australia: 1904 Cardiac image: Glasgow, 1896 Snowden ward and a double thumb: 1896 A.W. Isenthal's London X-ray laboratory: 1899 Angiography: 1980s-1990s Skulls: 1896 x-rays compared with 1990 magnetic resonance. Diagnostic Radiology: V: Dental radiographs: 1896, 1902, 1969 and 1985 Dental x-ray apparatus: 1902, 1915 and 1920 Exposure chart: 1921 Sea shells: London, 1904. Diagnostic Radiology: VI: Linear tomography: 1935 and 1988 EMI CT scanners: 1972-1976 CT scanners: 1990s. Paintings and museum artefacts: Radiographs of paintings: 1920-1930 Discovery of a 17th century painting The anatomy lesson of Dr Joan Deyman Egyptian and Peruvian mummies Authentication of museum artefacts 19th century doll Queen Nefertiti Grand piano of 1749 The earth apple of 1492-1494. Industrial applications: R^Dontgen's rifle: 1896 Non-destructive testing: 1896, 1916 and 1934 The Liberty Bell Industrial apparatus: UK, 1944 and Russia, 1960 Customs and smuggling 1896-1989 Shoe fitting: the Pedoskop Mercedes car. External beam radiotherapy: I: First successful treatments of cancer: Stockholm, 1899 Apparatus: 1900-1909 X-ray therapy and radium therapy: 1896-1970s Treatment planning: 1914 Treatment plans and isodose curves: 1919-1925 and 1980 X-ray cannons: 1920-1938 Deep x-ray therapy: 1923-1960 Van de Graaff generators: 1929-1985 Betatrons: 1980-1992 Linear accelerators: 1953-1993. External beam radiotherapy: II: Radium bombs: 1917-1965 Telecaesium machine: 1965 Telecobalt machines: 1955-1980. Brachytherapy: Radium patient treatments: Paris, 1908-1923 Radium surface moulds: 1905-1929 Interstitial brachytherapy: Dublin, 1914 Interstitial afterloading: Munich, 1903 and New York, 1906 Paterson and Parker Manchester system: 1934-1938 Radon seeds, gold grains and tantulum hairpins: 1965 Manual afterloading gold and iridium techniques: 1953-1989 Gynaecological intracavitary applicators: 1905-1993 Breast cancer: 1929 and 1992 Prostate cancer: 1922 and 1992 Lung cancer: 1929 and 1993 Brain and pituitary tumours: 1929-1992 Oesophagus cancer: 1904 and 1913 Head and neck cancer 1915-1933 Bile duct cancer: 1992 Remote afterloading: 1962-1993 Patient case history: Paris, 1986-1992. Nuclear medicine: Geiger counters and scintillation counters: 1940s-1980s Whole body counters: 1958-1987 Rectilinear scanners: 1950-1966 Rectilinear scans: lung, brain, bone, liver Gamma cameras: 1958-1980s Gamma camera scans: lung, bone, heart, brain, liver Technetium-99m generators: 1970s-1980s Phantoms: 1960s-1980s Single photonemission computed tomography, SPECT: 1964-1993 Positron emission tomography, PET: 1964-1993. Radiation units and quantities, and radiation measurement: Strength/intensity/activity: 1904 Uranie: 1905 Milligram-hour: 1909 Curie: 1910 Rutherford: 1930 Millicurie destroyed: 1914 Mache: 1904 Biological effects: 1904-1934 Fluorescence: 1902-1926 Minutes: 1916 Temperature variation: 1906-1914 X-ray tube current: 1904 Photographic film blackening: 1902-1959 Thermoluminescence: 1904-1990s Chemical effects: 1904-1927 Selenium cell measurement: 1915 Idiosyncrasy and dosage: 1911 Heating effect: 1912-1953 10 millir^Dontgen + FDE: 1971 Soft and hard x-ray quality: 1900-1937 Ionisation units for x-rays: 1906-1937 Ionisation units for gamma-rays: 1904- 1937 Ionisation measuring instruments: 1896-1990s. Radiation risks and radiation protection: Radiation injury to an x-ray engineer: Erlangen, 1904-1913 William Morton's New York x-ray laboratory: 1896 X-ray quality assurance: 1904-1911 Spectacles: 1910-1939 and (1980!) Lead protection features, x-rays: 1907-1909 Lead protection features, radium: 1920-1960 Lost radium: USA, 1938 Radon production: Paris, 1920s Radon therapy: 1913-1920s Radium compress: Strasbourg 1920s Taking a bath at Joachimsthal: 1918 Radiation-induced cancer: 42-year latency Hiroshima, 1945 and Chernobyl, 1986 X-ray treatment and sterility: New York, 1925-1958 Radium beauty creams: Paris, 1919 and 1933 Zo^D'e atomic soda. Bibliography: selected books for further reading. References: chapters 1-23. Index.