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X-ray CCD with charge-injection structure

2004; SPIE; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1117/12.553059

1996-756X

G. Prigozhin, Barry E. Burke, Mark W. Bautz, Steven E. Kissel, Beverly LaMarr, Marat Freytsis,

Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies

A frame transfer CCD intended for X-ray detection on-board ASTRO-E2 spacecraft was modified to include an input serial register and a charge injection structure which allows a very uniform injection of charge into the imaging section of the device. A variation of the fill-and-spill method was implemented to inject charge into the CCD. The operation of the structure is described, and results of the measurements are presented. Very small charge packets (a few tens of electrons) can be reproducibly injected with noise as low as 5 electrons rms. The amount of injected charge can be controlled by the external voltage with very high accuracy. We have applied this technique to study various characteristics of the proton irradiated CCD, such as the column-to-column nonuniformity of charge losses and the amplitude dependence of the charge loss. The latter is related to the charge-volume relation in the charge storage site and for the first time we accurately measure this relationship at very low signal levels.