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The impact of diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica in patients with MS: a 10-year follow-up of the South Atlantic Project

2013; SAGE Publishing; Volume: 20; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1177/1352458513495580

1477-0970

Regina Maria Papais Alvarenga, Claudia CF Vasconcelos, Soniza Vieira Alves‐Leon, Elizabeth Batista, Claudia MM Santos, Solange M.G. Camargo, Mauricio Godoy, Maria Clinete Sampaio Lacativa, Mariangela Lorenti, Benito Pereira Damasceno, Alfredo Damasceno, Doralina Guimarães Brum, Amilton Antunes Barreira, Maria Sheila Guimarães Rocha, Hélcio Alvarenga, Charles Peter Tilbery,

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research

Background: It is recognized that there is a particular geographic and ethnic distribution of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) among Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations. Objective: To review the diagnoses of patients whom were enrolled in the South Atlantic Project, a Brazilian multiple sclerosis (MS) survey performed from 1995–1998, and to identify NMO and MS case frequencies. Methods: We reviewed the data from a 10-year follow-up of MS patients. To apply the current diagnostic criteria, the neurologists were asked to collect clinical and laboratory data from the medical records of study patients treated from 1999–2009. Results: The spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating disease in 322 patients (67% white; 33% African-Brazilian) was: 49 (15%) with NMO; 14 (4%) with NMO syndromes; 10 (3%) with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM); one isolated tumefactive brain lesion; 249 (77%) with MS (151 with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS), 70 with secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and 27 with primary progressive MS (PPMS)). Disability was more severe in NMO and PPMS. One-third of the NMO patients had died. Conclusions: The frequency of NMO was 6.8% in São Paulo and 20.5% in Rio de Janeiro, and mainly seen in persons of African descent, which strengthens the hypothesis of there being an ethnic association of this disease. We recommend that epidemiological studies on MS that were performed previously be reviewed again, to ensure more accurate diagnoses.