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Growth hormone deficiency due to sports‐related head trauma is associated with impaired cognitive performance in amateur boxers and kickboxers as revealed by P300 auditory event‐related potentials

2012; Wiley; Volume: 78; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/cen.12037

1365-2265

Fatih Tanrıverdi, Cem Süer, Hande Yapışlar, İsmail Koçyiğit, Ahmet Selçuklu, Kürşad Ünlühizarcı, Felipe F. Casanueva, Fahrettin Keleştimur,

Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Summary Objectives It has been recently reported that boxing and kickboxing may cause pituitary dysfunction, GH deficiency in particular. The strong link between poor cognitive performance and GH deficiency due to causes other than head trauma and the improvement of cognitive function after GH replacement therapy have been previously shown. P300 auditory event‐related potential ( ERP ) measure is widely used to evaluate cognitive performance. In this study, we investigated the relation between the GH ‐ IGF ‐I axis and cognitive performance in boxers and kickboxers. Design and patients Forty‐one actively competing or retired male boxers ( n : 27) and kickboxers ( n : 14) with a mean age of 29·04 ± 9·30 year and 14 age‐ and education‐matched healthy male controls were included in the study. For neuropsychological tests, the mini‐mental state examination ( MMSE ) and Q uality of L ife A ssessment of GH Deficiency in A dults ( Q o L ‐ AGHDA ) questionnaires were administered. Moreover, cognitive performance was evaluated according to P300 ERP s. Results Nine of 41 (21·9%) athletes had GH deficiency. P300 amplitudes were lower at all electrode sites in the GH ‐deficient group than in controls, and the differences were statistically significant at F z and O z electrode sites ( P < 0·05). When GH ‐deficient athletes were compared with GH ‐sufficient athletes, the P 300 amplitudes were lower at all electrode sites in the GH ‐deficient group; these differences were statistically significant at F z, P z and C z electrode sites ( P < 0·05). In all athletes, there were significant negative correlations between IGF ‐ I levels vs P 300 latencies, and there were significant positive correlations between IGF ‐ I levels vs P 300 amplitudes ( P < 0·05). Conclusion This study provides the first electrophysiological evidence for the close relation between the P 300 ERP s and the GH ‐ IGF ‐ I axis in boxers and kickboxers.