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Nicardipine reduces the cardio-respiratory toxicity of intravenously administered bupivacaine in rats

1990; Springer Science+Business Media; Volume: 37; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/bf03006637

1496-8975

Fumiko Matsuda, W W Kinney, W. Wright, J. R. Kambam,

Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology

The purpose of our study was to examine the effect of intravenous (IV) nicardipine pretreatment (30 μg · kg−1), given three minutes before an IV bolus of bupivacaine to determine its effect on the incidence of fatal bupivacaine cardio-respiratory toxicity in adult male Sprague Dawley rats anaesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital. Fifty rats were divided into four groups. Groups I and II (n = 10 each) received 3.5 mg · kg−1 0.5 per cent bupivacaine and Groups III and IV (n = 15 each) received 5.0 mg· kg−1, 0.5 per cent bupivacaine. Groups I and III received pretreatment with normal saline before bupiva-caine, whereas Groups II and IV were given pretreatment with nicardipine, 30 mg·kg−1. There was no difference in the incidence of survival between the nicardipine pretreatment group and the saline placebo pretreatment group given 3.5 mg· kg−1, 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (no fatalities in either group). However, there was significant protection by nicardipine pretreatment in the group given 5 mg · kg−1, 0.5 per cent bupivacaine (13 of 15 survived, compared with only 4 of 15 in the saline pretreatment group, P < 0.001). In conclusion, our data demonstrate that in rats given 0.5 per cent bupivacaine, 5 mg· kg−1, nicardipine pretreatment protected against fatal cardio-respiratory toxicity.