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Genome sequence of the Brown Norway rat yields insights into mammalian evolution

2004; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 428; Issue: 6982 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/nature02426

1476-4687

Richard A. Gibbs, George M. Weinstock, Michael L. Metzker, Donna M. Muzny, Erica Sodergren, Steven E. Scherer, Graham Scott, David L. Steffen, Kim C. Worley, Paula E. Burch, Geoffrey Okwuonu, Sandra Hines, Lora Lewis, Christine DeRamo, Oliver Delgado, Shannon Dugan-Rocha, George Miner, Margaret Morgan, Alicia Hawes, Rachel Gill, Robert A. Holt, Mark D. Adams, Peter G. Amanatides, Holly Baden-Tillson, Mary Barnstead, Soo H. Chin, Cheryl Evans, Steve Ferriera, Carl Fosler, Anna Glodek, Zhiping Gu, D. E. Jennings, Cheryl Kraft, T. Nguyen, Cynthia Pfannkoch, Cynthia D. Sitter, Granger Sutton, Sourav Chatterji, Trevor Woodage, Douglas R. Smith, Hongmei Lee, Erik Gustafson, Patrick Cahill, A. Kana, Lynn Doucette‐Stamm, Jim Wingrove, Jeanette P. Schmidt, Robert B. Weiss, Diane M. Dunn, Eric D. Green, Robert W. Blakesley, Gerard G. Bouffard, Pieter J. de Jong, Kazutoyo Osoegawa, Baoli Zhu, Marco A. Marra, Jacqueline E. Schein, Ian Bosdet, Christopher D. Fjell, Steven J.M. Jones, Martin Krzywinski, Carrie Mathewson, Asim Siddiqui, Natasja Wye, John D. McPherson, Shaying Zhao, Claire M. Fraser, Jyoti Shetty, S. Shatsman, Keita Geer, Yixin Chen, Sofyia Abramzon, William C. Nierman, Richard A. Gibbs, George M. Weinstock, Paul Havlak, Rui Chen, K. James Durbin, R. Simons, Yanru Ren, Xingzhi Song, Bingshan Li, Yue Liu, Xiang Qin, Simon Cawley, George M. Weinstock, Kim C. Worley, Austin J. Cooney, Richard A. Gibbs, Lisa M. D'Souza, Kirt Martin, Jia Qian Wu, Manuel L. Gonzalez‐Garay, Andrew Jackson, Kenneth J. Kalafus, Michael P. McLeod, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Davinder Virk, А. А. Волков, David A. Wheeler, Zhengdong D. Zhang, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Evan E. Eichler, Eray Tüzün, Ewan Birney, Emmanuel Mongin, Abel Ureta‐Vidal, Cara Woodwark, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Peer Bork, Mikita Suyama, David Torrents, Marina Alexandersson, Barbara J. Trask, Janet M. Young, Andrew R. Smith, Hui Huang, Jeanette P. Schmidt, Huajun Wang, Heming Xing, Jim Wingrove, Sue Daniels, Darryl Gietzen, Jeanette P. Schmidt, Kristian Stevens, Ursula Vitt, Jim Wingrove, Francisco Câmara, M. Mar Albà, Josep F. Abril, Roderic Guigó, Arian F. A. Smit, Inna Dubchak, Edward M. Rubin, Olivier Couronne, Alexander Poliakov, Norbert Hübner, Detlev Ganten, Claudia Goesele, Oliver Hummel, Thomas Kreitler, Young‐Ae Lee, Jan Monti, Herbert Schulz, Heike Zimdahl, Heinz Himmelbauer, Hans Lehrach, Howard J. Jacob, Susan K. Bromberg, Jo Gullings-Handley, Michael I. Jensen‐Seaman, Anne E. Kwitek, Jozef Lazar, Dean Pasko, Peter J. Tonellato, Simon Twigger, Chris P. Ponting, José M. Duarte, Stephen Rice, Leo Goodstadt, Scott A. Beatson, Richard D. Emes, Eitan Winter, Caleb Webber, Petra Brandt, Gerald Nyakatura, Margaret Adetobi, Francesca Chiaromonte, Laura Elnitski, Pallavi Eswara, Ross C. Hardison, Minmei Hou, Diana L. Kolbe, Kateryna D. Makova, Webb Miller, Anton Nekrutenko, Cathy Riemer, Scott Schwartz, James G. Taylor, Shan Yang, Yi Zhang, Klaus Lindpaintner, T. Daniel Andrews, Mario Cáccamo, Michele Clamp, Laura Clarke, V. Curwen, Richard Durbin, Eduardo Eyras, Stephen M. J. Searle, Gregory M. Cooper, Serafim Batzoglou, Michael Brudno, Arend Sidow, Eric A. Stone, Sourav Chatterji, Bret A. Payseur, Guillaume Bourque, Carlos López-Otı́n, Xosé S. Puente, Kushal Chakrabarti, Sourav Chatterji, Colin N. Dewey, Lior Pachter, Nicolas Bray, Von Bing Yap, Anat Caspi, Glenn Tesler, Pavel A. Pevzner, D. Haussler, Krishna M. Roskin, Robert Baertsch, Hiram Clawson, Terrence S. Furey, Angie S. Hinrichs, Donna Karolchik, W. James Kent, Kate R. Rosenbloom, Heather Trumbower, Matt Weirauch, D.N. Cooper, Peter D. Stenson, Bin Ma, Michael R. Brent, Manimozhiyan Arumugam, David Shteynberg, Richard R. Copley, Martin S. Taylor, Harold Riethman, Uma Mudunuri, Jane L. Peterson, Mark Guyer, Adam L. Felsenfeld, Susan Old, Stephen Mockrin, Francis S. Collins,

Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies

The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is an indispensable tool in experimental medicine and drug development, having made inestimable contributions to human health. We report here the genome sequence of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. The sequence represents a high-quality ‘draft’ covering over 90% of the genome. The BN rat sequence is the third complete mammalian genome to be deciphered, and three-way comparisons with the human and mouse genomes resolve details of mammalian evolution. This first comprehensive analysis includes genes and proteins and their relation to human disease, repeated sequences, comparative genome-wide studies of mammalian orthologous chromosomal regions and rearrangement breakpoints, reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes and the events leading to existing species, rates of variation, and lineage-specific and lineage-independent evolutionary events such as expansion of gene families, orthology relations and protein evolution.