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IL-1 family nomenclature

2010; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 11; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/ni1110-973

1529-2916

Charles A. Dinarello, William P. Arend, John E. Sims, Dirk E. Smith, Hal Blumberg, Luke O'neill, Raphaela Goldbach‐Mansky, Theresa T. Pizarro, Hal M. Hoffman, Philip Bufler, Marcel F. Nold, Pietro Ghezzi, Alberto Mantovani, Cecília Garlanda, Diana Boraschi, Anna Rubartelli, Mihai G. Netea, Jos van der Meer, Leo A. B. Joosten, Thomas Mandrup‐Poulsen, Marc Y. Donath, Eli Lewis, Josef Pfeilschifter, Michael U. Martin, Michael Kracht, H Muehl, Daniela Novick, Miodrag L. Lukić, Bruno Conti, Alan M. Solinger, Peyman Kelk, Frank L. van de Veerdonk, Chiristopher Gabel,

Whipple's Disease and Interleukins

IL-1 family nomenclatureTo the Editor: Newly cloned interleukin 1 (IL-1) family members [1][2][3] were originally given an IL-1 family (IL-1F) designation 4 , but as functions have now been elucidated for several of these 5,6 , we propose that each now be assigned an individual interleukin designation.IL-1F6, IL-1F8 and IL-1F9 are encoded by distinct genes but use the same receptor complex (IL-1Rrp2 and AcP), are proinflammatory and deliver nearly identical signals [7][8][9][10][11][12] .We propose these be designated IL-36α, IL-36β and IL-36γ, respectively.IL-1F5 also binds to IL-1Rrp2 but antagonizes those cytokines in a manner analogous to that used by IL-1Ra to antagonize IL-1α and IL-1β 7-9 .We propose that IL-1F5 be renamed IL-36Ra (for 'receptor antagonist').In the IL-1 nomenclature, IL-1Ra is used for the natural product, whereas IL-1ra is used for the recombinant product; therefore, IL-36Ra is appropriate for natural IL-1F5.IL-1F7 produces anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing innate immune responses; it does this by decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by Toll-like receptor agonists as well as that of IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor 13,14 .We propose this IL-1 family member be renamed IL-37.IL-1F7 has various splice forms 1,2,15,16 , of which IL-1F7b is the most studied.We propose that IL-1F7a, IL-1F7b and so on be renamed IL-37a, IL-37b and so on.The one remaining IL-1 family member, for which no function has yet been demonstrated, is IL-1F10; however, as evidence of its properties remains limited, we suggest that it retain its IL-1F designation until a function is clearly identified, although it might be prudent to reserve the designation IL-38 for this eventuality.